This paper develops a formal model for metaphor and analogy built on information flow theory, formal concept analysis and conceptual graphs. Metaphor and analogy are important principles of human cognition based on representational maps. The model suggested in this paper defines metaphoric use in terms of information transfer via an information channel with respect to contextual constraints.

OBJECTIVE The effects of estrogen on comprehension of metaphoric speech, word fluency, and verbal ability were investigated in women suffering from schizophrenia. The issue of estrogen-dependent neuropsychological performance could be highly relevant because women with schizophrenia frequently suffer from hypoestrogenism. METHOD A placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study using 17beta...

BACKGROUND All languages use metaphoric expressions; some deliberately chosen, some (for example, 'digesting information') not usually perceived as metaphoric. Increasingly, it is suggested metaphoric expressions constrain the way we conceptualise the world, as well as being a means of achieving stylistic effect. AIM To study metaphoric expressions used by doctors and patients in general prac...

The design of educational WWW-based hypermedia is often seen as a process of gradually progressing from content into interaction design. In the final shaping of the hyperlinks, menus and orientation pages, too many decisions are normally made at the same time. This article presents a four-stage design process that gives more attention to the conceptual and metaphoric aspects to be covered. Sche...

Nowadays it is usual to talk about metaphoric concepts. In the literature about metaphor there are, at least, two notions of metaphoric concepts. One of them is used to explain the meaning of the metaphoric use of language. The other is used to describe human cognition. Although it might be thought that the two notions of metaphoric concept that are involved in these explanations are the same, ...

In this paper, a new broadcast encryption scheme is presented based on threshold secret sharing and secure multiparty computation. This scheme is maintained to be dynamic in that a broadcaster can broadcast a message to any of the dynamic groups of users in the system and it is also fair in the sense that no cheater is able to gain an unfair advantage over other users. Another important feature...

the interaction between architecture and culture, defined in human and built-environment relationships, challenges both theoretical and practical fields of architecture. to have an affective confrontation to this challenge, it is more important to re-define both sides of this interaction, culture and architecture. cultural context should represent in architecture. there are some movements in th...

This paper provides a framework which, being compatible with Lakoff and Johnson’s theory (1980), allows a description of metaphoric verbal utterances. The development of this theoretical expansion is encouraged by Lakoff and Johnson’s distinction between nonliteral and literal metaphoric expressions, and by the fact that they do not provide an explanation of the nonliteral metaphoric use of exp...

In this study we investigate the comprehension of various kinds of anaphoric metaphors in context. We describe an experiment that manipulated the metaphoricity of simple noun + verb + ending sentences by using either a metaphoric noun or a metaphoric verb or both. Our results show that metaphoric nouns affect sentence comprehension to a greater extent than do metaphoric verbs. Thus, even though...