نتایج جستجو برای: methylglyoxal

تعداد نتایج: 1562  

Journal: :Environmental Science & Technology 2021

Large amounts of small ?-dicarbonyls (glyoxal and methylglyoxal) are produced in the atmosphere from photochemical oxidation biogenic isoprene anthropogenic aromatics, but fundamental mechanisms leading to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) brown carbon (BrC) formation remain elusive. Methylglyoxal is commonly believed be less reactive than glyoxal because unreactive methyl substitution, available...

Journal: :The Journal of biological chemistry 1980
J Sato Y M Wang J van Eys

The formation of methylglyoxal from triose phosphates was studied in dialyzed whole cell homogenates of rat liver. In the cell-free system, methylglyoxal is largely derived from dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP). The addition of the cofactor of glyoxalase activity, reduced glutathione (GSH), to the system inhibits the accumulation of methylglyoxal from DHAP, whereas the absence of GSH promo...

Journal: :The Biochemical journal 1997
S Biswas M Ray S Misra D P Dutta S Ray

The effect of methylglyoxal on the oxygen consumption of mitochondria of both normal and leukaemic leucocytes was tested by using different respiratory substrates and complex specific artificial electron donors and inhibitors. The results indicate that methylglyoxal strongly inhibits mitochondrial respiration in leukaemic leucocytes, whereas, at a much higher concentration, methylglyoxal fails ...

2001
Jan van Eys

The formation of methylglyoxal from triose phosphates was studied in dialyzed whole cell homogenates of rat liver. In the cell-free system, methylglyoxal is largely derived from dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP). The addition of the cofactor of glyoxalase activity, reduced glutathione (GSH), to the system inhibits the accumulation of methylglyoxal from DHAP, whereas the absence of GSH promo...

Journal: :Diabetes 2006
Audrey Riboulet-Chavey Anne Pierron Isabelle Durand Joseph Murdaca Jean Giudicelli Emmanuel Van Obberghen

Nonenzymatic glycation is increased in diabetes and leads to elevated levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which link hyperglycemia to the induction of insulin resistance. In hyperglycemic conditions, intracellularly formed alpha-ketoaldehydes, such as methylglyoxal, are an essential source of intracellular AGEs, and the abnormal accumulation of methylglyoxal is related to the deve...

Journal: :The Biochemical journal 1994
S Ray S Dutta J Halder M Ray

The effect of methylglyoxal on the oxygen consumption of Ehrlich-ascites-carcinoma (EAC)-cell mitochondria was tested by using different respiratory substrates, electron donors at different segments of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and site-specific inhibitors to identify the specific respiratory complex which might be involved in the inhibitory effect of methylglyoxal on the oxygen consu...

Journal: :Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association 2004
Richard A Ward Kenneth R McLeish

BACKGROUND Chronic renal failure is characterized by oxidant stress, resulting in part from increased reactive oxygen species production by neutrophils. Plasma concentrations of methylglyoxal are increased in uraemia. Methylglyoxal activates p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in endothelial cells. Activation of p38 MAPK in neutrophils enhances reactive oxygen species production through...

Journal: :Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1998
F W Chaplen W E Fahl D C Cameron

Methylglyoxal is an alpha-ketoaldehyde and dicarbonyl formed in cells as a side product of normal metabolism. Endogenously produced dicarbonyls, such as methylglyoxal, are involved in numerous pathogenic processes in vivo, including carcinogenesis and advanced glycation end-product formation; advanced glycation end-products are contributors to the pathophysiology of aging and chronic diabetes. ...

2014
Kyuhwa Seo Sung Hwan Ki Sang Mi Shin

Degradation of glucose is aberrantly increased in hyperglycemia, which causes various harmful effects on the liver. Methylglyoxal is produced during glucose degradation and the levels of methylglyoxal are increased in diabetes patients. In this study we investigated whether methylglyoxal induces mitochondrial impairment and apoptosis in HepG2 cells and induces liver toxicity in vivo. Methylglyo...

Journal: :The Journal of biological chemistry 2005
Alice Zuin Ana P Vivancos Miriam Sansó Yoshifumi Takatsume José Ayté Yoshiharu Inoue Elena Hidalgo

Methylglyoxal, a toxic metabolite synthesized in vivo during glycolysis, inhibits cell growth. One of the mechanisms protecting eukaryotic cells against its toxicity is the glyoxalase system, composed of glyoxalase I and II (glo1 and glo2), which converts methylglyoxal into d-lactic acid in the presence of glutathione. Here we have shown that the two principal oxidative stress response pathways...

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