background :   this study aimed to evaluate antibacterial effect of allium sativum, garlic extract on erythromycin and methicillin resistant bacteria isolated from an operating room in a teaching hospital in tehran, i.r. iran.   methods :   the antibacterial effect of garlic extract was investigated on 70 bacterial strains. the selected isolates were resistant to erythromycin and or methicillin...

background : these days, the antibiotic resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates to imipenem has significantly increased. therefore the study of resistance to imipenem in this organism to imipenem in determining the appropriate treatment is crucial and necessary. the goal of this study is to compare three phenotypic methods of e-test, disk diffusion and micro broth dilution in the study of...

BACKGROUND Determination of vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) can influence the agent used to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. We studied diagnostic accuracy using E-test and VITEK(®) 2 against a gold standard broth microdilution (BMD) methodology, the correlation between methods, and associations between vancomycin MIC and MRSA phenotype from ...

s OBJECTIVES: The performance of the Phoenix system with regard to antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) for oxacillin of staphylococci, vancomycin of enterococci, and detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. was evaluated. METHODS: A total of 278 staphylococci (117 Staphylococcus aureus, 161 coagulase negative staphylococci [CNS] were t...

background: urinary tract infection (uti) is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases and escherichia coli is its common cause. the aim of this study was to assess the resistance patterns of e.coli in urinary tract infections and to determine the susceptibility of e.coli to commonly used antimicrobials and also to evaluate the options for empirical treatment of uti. methods: this study was...

Thirty-three clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae were tested for susceptibility to penicillin and ampicillin by a standard agar dilution method. Results were compared to those obtained using a micro-broth dilution technique in which Mueller-Hinton broth was supplemented with 5% difibrinated whole sheep blood. Among the 33 strains, 2 were resistant (minimal inhibitory concentration, 8 ...

Leptospirosis is now acknowledged as the most widespread zoonoses in the world. Hundreds of cases occur in India every year accounting for considerable morbidity and sizable mortality. Several studies have delineated the epidemiology, pathology and variable clinical features of this condition. The present study comprises the importance and utilization of traditional based medicines to overcome ...

Abstract We analyze rights and public offerings when informed shareholders strategically choose to subscribe. Absent wealth constraints, achieve the full information outcome dominate offerings. When some are constrained, lead more dilution of their stakes lower payoffs, despite income from selling these rights. In both offerings, there is a trade-off between investment efficiency transfers amon...