Many past attempts to kill MOND have only strengthened the theory. Better data on galaxy velocity curves clearly favor MOND (without fine-tuning) over cold dark matter. The usual critism on the incompleteness of classical MOND has spurred a Modified Relativity (MR) by Bekenstein. After outlining cosmology and lensing in MOND, we review MOND on small scales. We point out some potential problems ...

We describe the submissions of ILLC UvA to the metrics and tuning tasks on WMT15. Both submissions are based on the BEER evaluation metric originally presented on WMT14 (Stanojević and Sima’an, 2014a). The main changes introduced this year are: (i) extending the learning-to-rank trained sentence level metric to the corpus level (but still decomposable to sentence level), (ii) incorporating synt...

In the framework of a research project as identification of macro-fungi of Kheyroud Educational and Experimental Forest (Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran), more than 470 specimens of various groups of macro-fungi were collected and identified. From identified samples about 200 specimens were belong to 46 agaric species, as follows: Agaricus silvaticus, Bovista pl...

investigating species diversity and richness is essential for defining conservation priorities. in addition, determining landscape parameters influencing species diversity and richness is important for selecting and designing parks and protected areas. kohgiluyeh & boyer ahmad province is a mountainous region, comprises hills, mounds, forests and plains. this vast province has high species dive...

A second-order dual for a nonlinear programming problem was introduced by Mangasarian ([1]). Later, Mond [2] proved duality theorems under a condition which is called “second-order convexity”. This condition is much simpler than that used by Mangasarian. Later, Mond and Weir [3] reformulated the second-order dual. In [4], Mond considered the class of nondifferentiable mathematical programming p...

To explain the appearance in MOND of a cosmological acceleration constant, a0, I suggest that MOND inertia–as embodied in the actions of free particles and fields–is due to effects of the vacuum. The same vacuum effects enter both MOND (through a0) and cosmology (e.g. through a cosmological constant Λ). For example, a constant-acceleration (a) observer in de Sitter universe sees Unruh radiation...

We examine two corollaries of MOND pertaining to properties of the equivalent darkmatter halo. MOND predicts for pure exponential discs a tight relation involving the halo and disc scale lengths and the mean acceleration in the disc, which we find to test favorably against the Verheijen sample of Ursa Major galaxies. A correlation between halo and disc length scales is also apparent when the “m...

The Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) and the Universal Rotation Curve (URC) are two ways to describe the general properties of rotation curves, with very different approaches concerning dark matter and gravity. Phenomenological similarities between the two approaches are studied by looking for properties predicted in one framework that are also reproducible in the other one. First, we looked ...