In this essay, we focus on the moral justification of a highly controversial measure to redress medical brain drain: the duty to stay. We argue that the moral justification for this duty lies primarily in the fact that medical students impose high risks on their fellow citizens while receiving their medical training, which in turn gives them a reciprocity-based reason to temporarily prioritize ...

This is a commentary on Gilbert and colleagues' (1) paper on morality and markets in the National Health Service (NHS). Morality and values are not ephemeral qualities and universal healthcare is not simply an aspiration; it has to be enshrined in law. The creation of the UK NHS in 1948 was underpinned by core legal duties which required a system of public funding and delivery to follow. The mo...

Investigating the Views of Urban Streets in terms Citizens' Perception (Case Study: Pedestrian May 15, Tehran)

background & aim: nursing practice is influenced by nurses' precived professional values. a small number of studies have been focused to measure professional values in nursing, whereas most of them focused on measuring values of nursing students. this study aimed to explore how nurses prioritize professional values. methods & materials: in this cross-sectional study, the professional values of ...

The realisation of spatial justice, guaranteeing the quality life for all citizens and prohibition citizens’ exclusion are fundamental principles optimal urban management. Social seclusion is associated with social policies such as education, health, housing, employment, crime, welfare, poverty alleviation, etc. problems in Tehran due to political organising management space Iran on a micro mac...

good governance is a term indicating the change of paradigm of state and government roles which prepares the way for equal participation for all citizens in decision making process, revealing this reality that governance belongs to public and is organized by them. on the other hand, e-government is a powerful instrument which causes the better public service, decrease of waste time, improvement...

Background and Objectives: Human behaviors are shaped through their experiences in universities, and the failure to find effective solutions to ethical challenges can jeopardize the ethical integrity of universities and society. The current study aimed to provide effective solutions to ethical challenges from the perspective of faculty members. Methods: The current study was a qualitative cont...

Original scientific paper Developing a model for citizens’ satisfaction with public services is one of the effective factors for improvement of service quality. In recent years, many studies have been carried out to identify a model for citizens’ satisfaction with public sector services. In the structure of the presented models in the literature, one of the most important issues regarding organ...