Drought stress is a major environmental challenge that adversely affects plant growth and development. Auxin, vital hormone, plays crucial role in various aspects of development morphogenesis, ranging from embryogenesis to senescence. Acting as internal regulators, auxinic compounds coordinate responses their ever-changing environment.

Tooth development is a multi-stage and multi-step process involving fate determination morphogenetic patterning events, epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, cell proliferation, differentiation, migration. Animal model studies have shown that YAP TAZ, effectors of the Hippo pathway, critical function in tooth morphogenesis. However, TAZ has not been well documented its specific roles morphogenes...

Members of the transforming growth factor-beta family (e.g. TGF-beta, BMP and activin) are critical regulators of tooth morphogenesis. The basic TGF-beta signaling engine consists of a receptor complex that activates Smads and a Smad-containing complex that controls transcription of the downstream target genes. Little is known about the expression of endogenous Smads during tooth morphogenesis....

Many signaling proteins and transcription factors that induce and pattern organs have been identified, but relatively few of the downstream effectors that execute morphogenesis programs. Because such morphogenesis genes may function in many organs and developmental processes, mutations in them are expected to be pleiotropic and hence ignored or discarded in most standard genetic screens. Here w...

Background: Small GTPase Rab17 regulates dendritic morphogenesis of hippocampal neurons, but its activation mechanism is completely unknown. Results: Expression of Rabex-5 in mouse hippocampal neurons promoted dendritic localization of Rab17, and Rabex-5 knockdown resulted in inhibition of neurite morphogenesis. Conclusion: Rabex-5 regulates neurite morphogenesis by activating Rab5 and Rab17. S...

Previous studies have suggested that basement membrane alone may induce ductal differentiation and morphogenesis in the undifferentiated embryonic pancreas. The mechanism by which this induction occurs has not been investigated. Studies of other organ systems such as the lungs and mammary glands, where differentiation has been shown to be induced by basement membrane, have suggested a major rol...

Gene expression controls the cellular differentiation and morphogenesis for body organisation. Every species has different unique patterns this is influenced by certain group of genes called as homeobox genes. Molecular events are involved in tooth development process or odontogenesis also controlled It was first identified fruit fly Drosophila Melanogaster.

Alan M. Turing’s last published work and some posthumously manuscripts were dedicated to the development of his theory organic pattern formation. In “The Chemical Basis Morphogenesis” (1952), he provided an elaborated mathematical formulation origins biological form that had been first proposed by Sir D’Arcy Wendworth Thompson in On Growth Form (1917/1942). While arguably most mathematically de...

Nonsyndromic microtia is a kind of congenital ear malformation with unclear pathogenic genes. Cadherin-11 (CDH11, OB-cadherin) member the cadherin family, which has been demonstrated to play important roles in controlling morphogenesis and cell biological characteristics during multiple developmental processes. In present study, we found low expression CDH11 cartilage compared normal one for fi...