Paclitaxel is the one of the most common chemotherapeutic drugs used for the treatment of prostate cancer. However, its current clinical utility has been limited due to numerous serious side effects and drug resistance. Noscapine is an antitussive opium alkaloid that showed antitumor activity against a variety of cancer while has not exhibited severe side effects. This study investigates the a...

Introduction: Regulators of G-protein signaling protein negatively control G protein -coupled receptor signaling duration by accelerating Gα subunit guanosine triphosphate hydrolysis. Since regulator of G-protein signaling4 has an important role in modulating morphine effects at the cellular level and the exact mechanism(s) of adrenalectomy-induced morphine sensitization have not been fully cl...

Background: The study of specific genes expressed in the testis is important to understanding testis development and function. Spermatogenesis is an attractive model for the study of gene expression during germ cell differentiation. Spermatogenesis associated-19 (Spata-19) is a recently-identified important spermatogenesis-related gene specifically expressed in testis. Its protein product is in...

Objective(s):  CD44 is a member of the cell adhesion molecules family. Naturally, CD44S, along with CD44V3 influence the cell motility, migration, and adhesion, while in tumor cells they lead to tumor invasion, progression, and metastasis. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the CD44S and CD44V3 expression in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) and to reveal their correlations wit...

Background: Broilers lung mechanisms that regulate endothelin (ET) in the lung are complex and poorly understood. Objectives: Methods: In this experiment lung ET-1 mRNA levels and lung mRNA expression for the ET(A) receptors were determined in lung tissue weekly (term = 42 days, intervals = 7 days). Serum endothelin concentration was also measured at these ages. Results: The study showed that e...

Colorectal cancer remains one of the major cancer- related deaths despite progress in the treatment during past decades. Detection of disease at earlier stages reduces its mortality. The aim of current study was to investigate expression of Cytokeratin 19 (CK19), Cytokeratin 20 (CK20) and Guanylyl Cyclase C (GCC) mRNA in peripheral blood of non- metastatic colorectal cancer patients which may r...

Evaluation of mRNA Expression Calcitonin Gene-Dependent Peptide (CGRP) and Rat (rCT) in the Periaqueductal Gray Area (PAG) Diabetic Rats Formalin Test

Energy balance is regulated by ghrelin that is a neuroendocrine modulator. Ghrelin is expressed in reproductive organs. However, the role of ghrelin during in vitro maturation and bovine preimplantational development is limited. The purpose of this study was to determine the expression of ghrelin (GHRL) and its receptor growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1A (GHS-R1A) mRNA expression, and cumu...