introduction acute poisoning by oral ingestion of mixed hazardous materials can lead to multiorgan toxicity and may represent a special challenge in clinical management, in particular if little is known about the effects of the involved agents. this is especially true when industrial chemical substances have been swallowed, as a huge variety of toxic substances must be taken into account. concl...

Triptolide (TP), a major extract of the herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TWHF), has been shown to exert potent pharmacological effects, especially an immunosuppressive effect in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, its multiorgan toxicity prevents it from being widely used in clinical practice. Recently, several attempts are being performed to reduce TP toxicity. In this revi...

Aluminum phosphide is commonly used as a rodenticide and insecticide and is one of the most fatal poisons. The active ingredient is Phosphine gas which inhibits cytochrome oxidase and cellular oxygen utilization. The clinical symptoms are due to multiorgan involvement including cardiac toxicity which is the most common cause of mortality. Severity of clinical manifestations depends upon the amo...

A 16-month-old child developed a brief generalised tonic-clonic fitting episode and vomiting at home, after accidental ingestion of traditional massage oil. As the patient presented with clinical features of salicylate toxicity, appropriate management was instituted. He was admitted to the intensive care unit for multiorgan support. The child was discharged well 1 week after the incident...

hydatidosis is endemic in iran. this disease frequently invades the liver and lungs. the frequency of multiple organ involve¬ment ranges between 11% and 30%. this study revealed a five -year-old female with missed multifocal and multior¬gan localization of hydatic cyst. the patient presented with a complaint of persistent fever and respiratory distress. in compute¬rized tomography (ct) of the t...

Methotrexate toxicity following intravenous (IV) methotrexate is well reported, but there less information on accidental daily dosing of a prescribed weekly dose oral methotrexate. A 70 year old female presented accidentally taking 20 mg for five days, with multiple ulcers, thrombocytopenia (platelets 80 x 109/L [reference range[RR]:150-400 109/L]) and an alanine aminotransferase 820 U/L [RR:10...

Colchicum autumnale is commonly known as autumn crocus, and as 'gowri gedde' in the southern region of Karnataka State in South India. It contains an alkaloid called colchicine, which blocks the cell division by inhibiting mitosis. We present a sporadic case of suicidal plant poisoning wherein a 24-year-old man consumed 'gowri gedde' to end his life. Initially he presented with severe vomiting,...

Tacrolimus, a potent immunosuppressant medication, acts by inhibiting calcineurin, which eventually leads to inhibition of T-cell activation. The drug is commonly used to prevent graft rejection in solid organ transplant and graft-versus-host disease in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients. Tacrolimus has a narrow therapeutic index with variable oral bioavailability and metabolism via cy...