a research project was designed to compare the level of accumulated mercury in common and silver carp muscle tissues from sanandaj gheshlagh dam. these fish were the most consumed fish in the region. during july to december 2009, forty eight samples of these species were randomly caught (24 samples each). total mercury in muscle tissues was measured by advanced mercury analyzer (model, leco 254...

background: use of botulinum toxin is becoming a popular way in treatment of some forms of strabismus.to evaluate the morphological changes in the orbital surface layer muscles of the rabbit eye following a single injection of botulinum toxin.   methods: 10 white dutch rabbits weighing 2–3 kg received either 10 units (group 1; n=5) or 20 units (group 2; n=5) of botulinum toxin into the superior...

background: heavy metals contaminated environment constitutes a serious problem for human and other organisms. moreover, metals such as cd, pb, and cr are toxic metals. therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluation of cd, pb, and cr in the muscle of cow, calf, and sheep slaughtered in sanandaj city from iran. methods: this was a descriptive cross-sectional study in sanandaj city in nov...

background: workstation design has shift from using single monitor screen to dual monitor screens, which may impose some impacts towards the muscles activity. this study aimed to determine the effect of using dual monitor screen computer to the neck-shoulder muscle activity among computer user. method: this experimental study was conducted in 2015 among 28 healthy students in university malaysi...

Background and Objectives: Sarcopenia is explained as the loss of muscle strength and muscle mass with aging‚ and is one of the major risk factors for metabolic diseases. Cross-sectional studies demonstrate that vitamin D is associated with sarcopenia in both men and women. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplement consumption on muscle strength, muscle f...

Background: With the growing population of the elderly, the prevalence of disabilities and chronic diseases will also likely increase. Muscle weakness leads to low amounts of physical activity in elderly diabetic patients and makes them susceptible to falls. In this study, we aimed to compare the muscle strength between diabetic and non-diabetic elderly individuals. Methods: The present study ...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the context of new aspects of cellular adaptation in physical activity with a focus on delayed pain approach, the nature and types of pain, several preventive and non-pharmacological approaches to delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and to achieve a desirable conclusion and provide more relevant information from previous research. In this stu...

Introduction: The manufacturing, service professions, and other occupations commonly require their employees to spend more than 2 hours of their workday in an upright position which can potentially cause temporary or permanent health effects. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of anti-fatigue mats on leg muscle discomfort and muscle activity due to prolonged standing. Mater...

Up to date, there are four pharmacologically characterized subtypes of muscarinic receptors (M1, M2, M3 and M4). In our study we have investigated muscarinic receptor subtypes in smooth muscle layers of human stomach. Isolated preparations of longitudinal and circular muscle layers from human stomach were used. Acetylcholine, bethanechol, carbachol, pilocarpine and AHR -602 produced concen...