Dysbiosis resulting from a high fat/high sucrose diet (HFHSD) causes sarcopenia by decreasing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). This study investigated effects miso, traditional fermented soybean food in Japan, on muscle mass atrophy. Eight week old male C57BL/6J mice were fed HFHSD with or without miso for 12 weeks. A increased soleus weights (p <0.05) and reduced intraperiton...

Immobilization produces morphological, physiological, and biochemical alterations in skeletal muscle leading to muscle atrophy and long periods of recovery. Muscle atrophy during disuse results from an imbalance between protein synthesis and proteolysis but also between apoptosis and regeneration processes. This work aimed to characterize the mechanisms underlying muscle atrophy and recovery fo...

how to cite this article: nilipor y, shariatmadari f, abdollah gorji f, rouzrokh m, ghofrani m, karimzadeh p, taghdiri mm,  delavarkasmaei h, ahmadabadi f, bakhshandeh bali mk, nemati h, saket s, jafari n, yaghini o, tonekaboni sh.  evaluation of one hundred pediatric muscle biopsies during a 2-year period in mofid children and toos hospitals. iran j child neurol. 2013 spring;7(2):17-21.   obje...

Skeletal muscle atrophy is induced by an imbalance between protein synthesis and degradation. Our previous studies reported that angiotensin II (AII) directly induced muscle atrophy in mice. This study investigated the role of NAD(P)H oxidase 2 (Nox2) activation by AII in the induction of skeletal muscle atrophy. For 4 weeks, either saline (vehicle: V) or AII (1000 ng kg-1 min-1) was infused in...

BACKGROUND Accelerated muscle atrophy is associated with a three-fold increase in mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. It is suggested that hyperphosphatemia might contribute to muscle wasting, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Although evidence indicates that autophagy is involved in the maintenance of muscle homeostasis, it is not known if high phosphate levels can ...

Sarcopenia is the general muscle mass and strength loss associated with ageing. Muscle atrophy could be made worse by exposure to acute periods of immobilization, because muscle disuse by itself is a stimulus for atrophy. Using a model of unilateral hindlimb casting in old adult rats, we have already demonstrated that the primary effect of immobilization was atrophy in the casted leg, but was a...

Muscle wasting resulting wholly or in part from disuse represents a serious medical complication that, when prolonged, can increase morbidity and mortality. Although much knowledge has been gained over the past half century, the underlying etiology by which disuse alters muscle proteostasis remains enigmatic. Multidisciplinary and novel methodologies are needed to fill gaps and overcome barrier...

BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is involved in age-related muscle atrophy, such as sarcopenia. Since Chlorella, a unicellular green alga, contains various antioxidant substances, we used a mouse model of enhanced oxidative stress to investigate whether Chlorella could prevent muscle atrophy. METHODS Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is an anti-oxidative enzyme that detoxifies reactive aldehydes de...

Recent studies indicate that FoxO transcription factors play an important role in promoting muscle atrophy. To study mechanisms mediating effects of FoxO proteins on muscle wasting, FoxO1-estrogen receptor fusion proteins that are activated by treatment with 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OH-T) were stably transfected in C(2)C(12) skeletal myoblasts using the pBABE retroviral system and grown into multi...