How can animation be used to promote learner understanding of scientific and mathematical explanations? In this review, we examine the role of animation in multimedia learning (including multimedia instructional messages and microworld games), present a cognitive theory of multimedia learning, and summarize our program of research, which has yielded seven principles for the use of animation in ...

Previous research on the redundancy principle in multimedia learning has shown that although exact correspondence between on-screen text and narration generally impairs learning, brief labels within an animation can improve learning. To clarify and extend the theoretical and practical implications of these results, the authors of the present research examined the extent to which varying degrees...

The paper is analyzing how people in late modern society characterized by detraditionalization, use moving images as a cultural resource for the construction of meaningful subjective world views. As a theoretical concept with several dimensions, “sacralization of the self” (Woodhead & Heelas 2000: 344), is related to media theory. With a critical focus on ‘the self’, as a core aspect in contemp...

This study investigated the effectiveness of various types of worked-out examples used in pre-training to optimize the cognitive load and enhance learners’ comprehension of the content in an animation-based learning environment. An animation-based learning environment was developed specifically for this study. The participants were divided into four groups; each group was provided with a differ...

The multimedia design of presentations typically ignores that younger and older adults have varying cognitive strengths and weaknesses. We examined whether differential instructional design may enhance learning in these populations. Younger and older participants viewed one of three computer-based presentations: Audio only (narration), Redundant (audio narration with redundant text), or Complem...

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle wrote 56 short stories in the Sherlock Holmes series, yet only two are told from the narrative perspective of Holmes himself. I attempted to compare and contrast Holmes’ narration in The Blanched Soldier and The Lion’s Mane with Watson’s narration in A Study in Scarlet. I explored narratological theories and previous research done on Watson’s narration in order to find an...

The ability to build and control exposure through a seamless synergy of interaction and narration is strongly required by a new type of immersive VR training and therapy systems. This paper presents a practical approach for immersive VR training and therapy applications based on Interactive Narration Space (INS). The approach satisfies both interaction and narration requirements through the use...

Animated pedagogical agents have become popular in multimedia learning with combined delivery of verbal and non-verbal forms of information. In order to reduce unnecessary cognitive load caused by such multiple forms of information and also to foster generative cognitive processing, multimedia design principles with social cues are suggested (Mayer, 2014a). This study presents the design model ...

This paper deals with the way temporal connectives affect Temporal Structure as well as Discourse Structure in Narratives. It presents a contrastive study of French connectives puis (then, afterwards) and un peu plus tard (a bit later) within the framework of Segmented Discourse Representation Theory. It shows that puis is a marker of the Narration discourse relation, whereas un peu plus tard b...

Previous critical readings of Toni Morrison’s novels, especially Paradise, largely emphasise the universal themes explored in her novels, namely, feminism, culture, psychology, and of course, her remarkable presentation of African-Americans in racial and cultural conflicts. Yet, there are major areas that remain unexplored in her works. One of the most conspicuous absences is Morrison’s dominan...