Understanding nitrification rates and their regulation continues as a key area of research for assessing human's increasing impact on the terrestrial N cycle. We review the organisms and processes responsible for nitrification in terrestrial systems. The control of nitrification by substrate availability is discussed with particular attention to the factors affecting ammonia/ammonium availabili...

Nitrification and the associated growth of autotrophic nitrifiers, as well as the contributions of bacteria and Thaumarchaeota to total autotrophic C-fixation by nitrifiers were investigated in the Dutch coastal North Sea from October 2007 to March 2008. Rates of nitrification were determined by incubation of water samples with 15N-ammonium and growth of autotrophic nitrifiers was measured by i...

Nitrification, a key process in the global nitrogen cycle that generates nitrate through microbial activity, may enhance losses of fertilizer nitrogen by leaching and denitrification. Certain plants can suppress soil-nitrification by releasing inhibitors from roots, a phenomenon termed biological nitrification inhibition (BNI). Here, we report the discovery of an effective nitrification inhibit...

Nitrification inhibitors (Thiourea and nitrification inhibitor “A”) with urea fertilizer were used to enhance the nitrogen efficiency. Nitrification inhibitors and the amount of nitrogen were applied through urea fertilizer to rice seed in Column Lysimeters. The whole experiment was conducted with following treatments such as; urea application as a control at 2gN/10kg (200 kg N/ha), urea applic...

Nitrogen source and application time recommendations for rice are currently limited to applying an NH4-forming N source to a dry soil surface at the 5-lf growth stage for producers utilizing the delayed-flood production system. Fertilization trials were conducted at the Rice Research and Extension Center (RREC) and the Pine Tree Branch Station (PTBS) to investigate the use of urea amended with ...

The fumigant methyl iodide (MeI, iodomethane) is considered a promising alternative to methyl bromide (MeBr) for soil-borne pest control in high-cash-value crops. However, the high vapor pressure of MeI results in emissions of a significant proportion of the applied mass into the ambient air, and this may lead to pollution of the environment. Integrating the application of certain agrochemicals...

ABSTRACT The common corrosion inhibitor, 1H-benzotriazole (Bz), found as a component of glycol-based aircraft deicers, and its derivatives such as 5-chloro-1H-benzotriazole (CBz), 1-hydroxy-benzotriazole (HBz), and 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole (MBz), are all potential nitrification inhibitors. The inhibitory effect on the nitrification of urea-N fertilizer in agricultural soils was examined over a...

Ammonia oxidation is an important process for decreasing ammonia concentrations in wastewater-impacted rivers. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) are re sponsible for ammonia oxidation, which is the first step of the nitrification process. Nitrification and urea hydrolysis were monitored in sediment and water column samples in the Grand River (Ontario), and nitrification inhibit...