background: long-term tunneled catheters are used for the hemodialysis or chemotherapy in many patients. proper placement of the catheter tip could reduce early and late catheter related complications. aim of the present study was to evaluate a new formula for proper placement of tunneled hemodialysis or infusion port device by using an external anatomic landmark. materials and methods: a total...

background: obesity has been associated with several co ‑ morbidities such as diabetes and increased mortality. in general, the use of medication promotes only a modest weight loss in the range of 2 to 10 kg, usually most effective during the first 6 months of therapy; however, studies have shown positive effects on other risk factors such as blood pressure and serum glucose levels, but there...

background: in oil refinery plants, shift working is inevitable . shift work is associated with depression; therefore this prospective study was carried out in tehran shahid tondguyan oil refinery in order to determine the prevalence of depression in shift workers and to assess the effects of associated factors with depression among shift workers. in the present study, the shifting work system ...

In spite of the hype in the international media about India’s global integration, economic reform there has been rather halting and hesitant. Cheerleaders of reform among corporate tycoons and financial columnists are often not aware how unpopular reform is, rightly or wrongly, among the general public in India. In the National Election Survey 2004 more than twothirds of about 23000 sample resp...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa microsoftinternetexplorer4 takayasu's arteritis (ta), also known as pulseless disease or occlusive thromboaortopathy, is a form of vasculitis of unknown cause that chiefly affects the aorta and its major branches, most frequently in young women. we describe an 18-year-old female with a soft and pulsatile mass in the left side of her neck. normal 0 f...

background: low attention to dairy product consumptions and high intake of junk foods and bakery products might be related to high prevalence of chronic diseases because of their fat content and fatty acid composition.  objective: in this study we investigated the kind and amount of fatty acid content in iranian junk foods, dairy, and bakery products materials and methods: some common brands of...

background: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a common inflammatory - degenerative disease of myelin sheet of central nervous system that affects more young people. these patients show some degrees of cognition problems such as memory and processing disorders. the aim of this study was to evaluate the speed processing ability by word finding assessment in three categories include fruits, animals and o...