Hydatid disease is an important zoonotic disease with a worldwide distribution. In the Middle East, as well as in some other parts of the world, it has always been a serious economic and public health problem. The disease is endemic and enzootic in Iraq. In Iraq, the disease is caused by Echinococcus granulosus but a multilocular hydatid cyst of E. multilocularis has been recovered from the liv...

Dust particles have dangerous impacts on human health, the environment, and the economy. Recently dust storms, originating from Arabian countries, have increased remarkably, affecting western and central parts of Iran.HYSPLIT model and the mean monthly maps of AAI (Absorbing Aerosol Index), surface skin temperature, and top soil layer moisture from OMI (Ozone Measurement Instrument) have been u...

twenty samples of the recent sediments were collected from the tigris river and some of its tributaries of northern iraq and twelve samples from the miocene and quaternary sediments. the study is conducted to define and assess the paleoenvironmental pollution by some heavy metals in these sediments in order to elucidate the probable source rocks and the main mineral phases suggested to be a sou...

Dust particles have dangerous impacts on human health, the environment, and the economy. Recently dust storms, originating from Arabian countries, have increased remarkably, affecting western and central parts of Iran.HYSPLIT model and the mean monthly maps of AAI (Absorbing Aerosol Index), surface skin temperature, and top soil layer moisture from OMI (Ozone Measurement Instrument) have been u...

dust particles have dangerous impacts on human health, the environment, and the economy. recently dust storms, originating from arabian countries, have increased remarkably, affecting western and central parts of iran.hysplit model and the mean monthly maps of aai (absorbing aerosol index), surface skin temperature, and top soil layer moisture from omi (ozone measurement instrument) have been u...

The overall total population of the Arab nations in the world is estimated to be approximately 315 million (estimates; World Almanac, 2004). Arab populations encompass a vast geographical region that extends from Iraq in the east to Morocco in the west. They occupy the whole of Mesopotamia, Middle East, Arabian Gulf, North Africa, as well as some parts of East and West Africa. Arab populations ...

Iraq is abundant with natural resources and its geographical location makes it strategically important. It is composed of a mountainous region in the northeast and the vast Syrian Desert, inhabited by a few nomadic shepherds. In the southwest lies the heart of the country which is a fertile lowland region watered by the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Most of the population is Muslim Arabs, divide...

On April 1, 2003, we published a set of contingent predictions about the likely length of the U.S.–Iraq war that began on March 19, 2003. The predictions were made by applying the statistical model of war duration developed in Bennett and Stam (1996). In this article, we assess the accuracy of our (then) forecast, and then present new predictions from the model about the expected length of a pu...

The term focal epithelial hyperplasia was introduced in 1965 to describe certain multiple nodular elevations of the oral mucosa observed among American Indians in New Mexico, USA and Mato Grossa district in Brazil. Since then it has been reported from several other countries including Iraq, Israel and South Africa. We report two cases of this disorder from North Western Frontier Province of Pak...