In the natural history of type 2 diabetes, pancreatic insulin secretion is progressively depleted and metabolic control worsens. Treatment of these patients usually starts with diet and exercise, with subsequent use of oral glucose-lowering drugs, finally ending with insulin therapy to achieve good metabolic control. When there is still endogenous insulin secretion, the combination of insulin a...

We have shown that the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PD) of basal insulins neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin (NPH), detemir, and glargine, when examined (euglycemic clamp), differ in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (1). The primary PD end point parameter, the glucose infusion rate (GIR) over the 32 h of clamp study, was greater with glargine versus NPH and detemir. We ca...

BACKGROUND In May 2008, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) issued an updated guideline [clinical guideline (CG) 66] for the management of all aspects of type 2 diabetes. This report aims to provide information on new drug developments to support a 'new drugs update' to the 2008 guideline. OBJECTIVE To review the newer agents available for blood glucose control in...

AIMS The international IMPROVE observational study investigated the safety profile and effectiveness of biphasic insulin aspart 30/70 (BIAsp 30) in the routine treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes. We present analyses for the subgroup of patients who switched from basal insulin to BIAsp 30. METHODS Patients in routine care who started insulin therapy with or switched to BIAsp 30 from ex...

The progressive nature of type 2 diabetes poses challenges in the clinic: treatment must be continually reviewed and adjusted in response to the patient's changing pathophysiology. Ultimately, insulin replacement therapy will be necessary as the physiological insulin response is compromised. The modern basal insulin analog insulin detemir has been the subject of several clinical trials and obse...

Background: There is not any in vivo studies that shows inducing of euglycemia by vanadyl is independent from plasma insulin.  Therefore in the present study we planned to investigate the antidiabetic effects of vanadyl in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Rats became severely diabetic by an IV injection of 50-55mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ), 15 days after the injection, the blood glucose of ...

Objective In spite of growing evidence of idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), a viewpoint about clinical care for idiopathic NPH is still controversial. A continuous divergence of viewpoints might be due to confusing classifications of idiopathic and adult-onset congenital NPH. To elucidate the classification of NPH, we propose that adult-onset congenital NPH should be explicitly di...

Background: Both human insulin and analogue used in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. The modification amino acids sequences lead to produce form which have a pharmacokinetic pharmacodynamics effect near normal endogenous
 
 release.
 Aim study: This study designed compare between each on high sensitive C-reactive protein interleukin-6 total antioxidant capacity sample I...