Under the federal structure of the United States government, states play a central role in interpreting and implementing national social policies. Understanding the processes that shape state-level social policy decisions is therefore important for understanding whether national commitments to low-income citizens are realized in practice. Within the political science literature, scholars have d...

this article seeks to identify and classify the micro factors affecting the implementation of poverty reduction policy in iran. the existence and spread of poverty in society, in spite of the existent policy programs is the sign of some weaknesses in the executive models of policy. policy making in the field of poverty reduction theoretically is classified into several categories different fact...

this study aims to investigate the role of organizational identity and calling orientation in predicting the affective commitment. since, the effect of both organizational identity and calling orientation on organizational attitudes have been examined in other research works, the present study comes to study the impact of these construct on affective commitment as an organizational approach. fo...

one of the high citation researches surrounding model of transformational leadership's impact on organizational citizenship behavior has been conducted by podsakoff, mackenzie, moorman and fetter (1990). using structural equation modeling, current study aims at testing this model and also 4 other models in schools on a sample including 652 teachers and 131 principals. results showed that p...

The childhood obesity epidemic can be best tackled by means of an integrated approach, which is enabled by integrated public health policies, or Health in All Policies. Integrated policies are developed through intersectoral collaboration between local government policy makers from health and nonhealth sectors. Such intersectoral collaboration has been proved to be difficult. In this study, we ...

In a recent article, Mannion and Davies argue that there are a multitude of ways in which organizations (such as the National Health Service [NHS]) can deal with wrongdoing or ethical problems, including the formation of policies that encourage and protect would-be whistleblowers. However, it is important to distinguish internal reporting about wrongdoing from whistleblowing proper, because the...

Background In 2004, the health system in Iran initiated an organizational reform aiming to increase the autonomy of teaching hospitals and make them more decentralized. The policy led to the formation of a board of trustees in each hospital and significant modifications in hospitals’ financing. Since the reform aimed to improve its predecessor policy (implementation of hospital autonomy began i...