Parachute aerodynamics involves an interaction between the flexible, elastic, porous parachute canopy and the high speed airflow (relative to the parachute) through which the parachute falls. Computer simulation of parachute dynamics typically simplify the problem in various ways, e.g. by considering the parachute as a rigid bluff body. Here, we avoid such simplification by using the immersed b...

A parallel computational technique is presented for carrying out three-dimensional simulations of parachute  uid-structure interactions, and this technique is applied to simulations of airdrop performance and control phenomena in terminal descent. The technique uses a stabilized space-time formulation of the time-dependent, three-dimensionalNavier–Stokes equations of incompressible  ows for t...

39 The development of computational models that predict the aerodynamic performance of parachute systems has significantly enhanced the technology of airdrop systems by providing alternatives to or complementing drop tests and laboratory experiments. Increases in the scope and reliability of computational modeling are bringing current technology closer to establishing “virtual proving ground” m...

BACKGROUND The long-term effect of repetitive trauma by military parachuting on the lumbar spine is not well investigated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the development of lumbar degenerative changes during a 30-year follow-up in Japanese Ground Self Defense Forces (JGSDF) parachute infantry soldiers with normal lumbar radiographs at entry by comparison with those with non...

INTRODUCTION A parachute mitral valve is defined as a unifocal attachment of mitral valve chordae tendineae independent of the number of papillary muscles. Data from the literature suggests that the valve can be distinguished on the basis of morphological features as either a parachute-like asymmetrical mitral valve or a true parachute mitral valve. A parachute-like asymmetrical mitral valve ha...

BACKGROUND Parachute tricuspid valve is a rare congenital malformations explained in the literature. In most cases, this malformation coexists with other congenital defects. The importance of this condition depends on its functional consequences. CASE REPORT First case was a 52-year-old female patient presented with palpitation. She had a history of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Tr...

A non-controlled, prognostic cohort study was performed with the aim of establishing markers of neurological development and defining a clinical and epidemiological profile of preterm newborns at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of gestation-corrected age in terms of parachute and lateral propping reactions. Newborns with gestational age of up to 36 weeks and 6 days, weighing 2,000 g or less at birth, we...

Parachute abnormality of mitral valve frequently occurs with left sided obstructive lesions though occasionally may occur as an isolated lesion. Symptoms depend upon the severity of stenosis and associated lesions. Parachute abnormality of the tricuspid valve has rarely been reported and its association with left to right shunts has not been described so far.

Mathematical modeling is created for the mathematical task of spatial motion controlled parachute-tether system “wind kite” type. The model consists a main para-chute and braking parachute. parachutes are connected by tether. supposed to be solid body. This body has two planes symmetry. parachute with axial tether an absolutely flexible elastic thread. ideal hinges control carried out changing ...

The Australian Defence Force Parachute Training School instructs trainees to make initial ground contact using a flat foot whereas United States paratroopers are taught to contact the ground with the ball of the foot first. This study aimed to determine whether differences in foot pitch affected parachute landing technique. Kinematic, ground reaction force and electromyographic data were analyz...