abstract:             partial knowledge is one of the main factors to take into account when dealing with the improvement of administration of multiple choice questions (mcq). various strategies have been proposed for this factor in traditional testing environment. so this study proposed a confidence based assessment (cba) as a sufficient solution & want to compare the effect of cba scoring sys...

Conventional microprocessor designs treat register operands as atomic units. In such designs, no portion of an operand may be consumed until the entire operand has been produced. In practice, logic circuits and arithmetic units that generate some portion of an operand in advance of the remaining portions are both feasible and desirable, and have been employed in several existing designs. In thi...

We investigate how sociological argumentation di ers from the classical rstorder logic. We focus on theories about age dependence of organizational mortality. The overall pattern of argument does not comply with the classical monotonicity principle: adding premises does not overturn conclusions in an argument. The cause of nonmonotonicity is the need to derive conclusions from partial knowledge...

Representing domain knowledge is crucial for any task. There has been a wide range of techniques developed to represent this knowledge, from older logic based approaches to the more recent deep learning based techniques (i.e. embeddings). In this paper, we discuss some of these methods, focusing on the representational expressiveness tradeoffs that are often made. In particular, we focus on the...