background: seat belts have been proven as one of the most successful means of preventing or reducing injuries to occupants of cars during an accident. this paper examines the reasons behind the non-compliance of the seat belt law in malaysia and suggests possible measures to get the percentage of seat belt usage up higher. methods: various databases of articles were searched for seat belt usag...

Abstract—In this paper, passenger ride comfort issues are studied taking active quarter car model with three degrees of freedom. A hybrid fuzzy – PID controller with coupled rules (HFPIDCR) is designed for vibration control of passenger seat. Three different control strategies are considered. In first case, main suspension is controlled. In second case, passenger seat suspension is controlled. ...

Much research has been conducted on trying to solve traffic problems and applied successfully in many developed countries where the car is the main transport mode. However, it has not been effective in most developing countries where the motorbike, rather than the car, is the main transport vehicle. This paper estimates the passenger car equivalent of motorbikes under simulation analysis. Simul...

The core objective of this paper is to analyse the impact of changes in fuel intensity and car size on energy demand of passenger cars in EU-15 countries. Of special relevance in this context is how the rebound effect due to the change in car fuel intensity and car size (average engine power) affects the energy conservation effect. Lower fuel intensity reduces the cost of car travel, and may le...

Non-motorized vehicles (i.e. rickshaws) and small size motorized vehicles (i.e. auto-rickshaws) are popular para-transit modes that provided door-to-door service in congested parts of Dhaka metropolitan area. Improper design of signal timing at signalized intersections is one of the reasons of traffic congestion in Dhaka metropolitan area. For capacity analysis, to convert the mixed traffic flo...

Light-duty truck classification allows manufacturers and owners to avoid a host of passenger-car regulations, including gas-guzzler taxes, safety standards, and more stringent emissions and fueleconomy standards. This paper describes the distinct policies that govern light duty trucks and passenger cars, evaluates the emissions, safety, and fuel economy differences that have resulted, and inves...