BACKGROUND Substrate nanoscale topography influences cell proliferation and differentiation through mechanisms that are at present poorly understood. In particular the molecular mechanism through which cells 'sense' and adapt to the substrate and activate specific intracellular signals, influencing cells survival and behavior, remains to be clarified. RESULTS To characterize these processes a...

objective(s): the role of aluminum (al) in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases has been implicated in several studies. however, the exact mechanisms of cytotoxic effects of al have not been elucidated yet. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of l-type calcium channel antagonist, nimodipine (nm), and lithium chloride (licl) on al-induced toxicity in pc12 cells. materia...

The c-erbA proto-oncogenes encode nuclear receptors for thyroid hormone (T3), a hormone intimately involved in mammalian brain maturation. To study thyroid hormone receptor (TR) action on neuronal cells in vitro, we expressed the chicken c-erbA/TR alpha-1 as well as its oncogenic variant v-erbA in the adrenal medulla progenitor cell line PC12. In the absence of T3, exogenous TR alpha-1 inhibits...

objective(s): hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and apoptosis have key roles in pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. there are local renin-angiotensin systems (rass) in different tissues such as neural tissue. local rass are involved in physiological and pathophysiological processes such as inflammation, proliferation and apoptosis. this study aimed to investigate the role of local renin-angioten...

Tests have been made of the action of the methyltransferase inhibitors 5'-S-methyl adenosine, 5'-S-(2-methyl-propyl)-adenosine, and 3-deaza-adenosine +/- L-homocysteine thiolactone, on nerve growth factor (NGF)-dependent events in the rat pheochromocytoma line PC12. Each of these agents inhibited NGF-dependent neurite outgrowth at concentrations of the order of millimolar. Slow initiation of ne...

Heterodimerization of Max with the nuclear oncoprotein Myc and the differentiation-associated proteins Mad and Mxi1 enables these factors to bind E-box sites in DNA and control genes implicated in cell proliferation and differentiation. We show that in the PC12 pheochromocytoma tumor cell line, functional Max protein is not expressed because of the synthesis of a mutant max transcript. This tra...

Abstract Stroke causes death and disability globally but no neuroprotectant is approved for post-stroke neuronal injury. Neuroprotective compounds can be identified using oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) of cells as an in vitro stroke model. Nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated PC12 pheochromocytoma are frequently used. However, investigators often find their clonal variant undifferentiable...

objective: verotoxin is a member of shiga toxin family. this family contains ab protein toxins with an enzymatic (a) and a binding (b) compartment. cells that have receptor (gb3) are sensitive to cytotoxic effects of toxin. it has been shown that various tumor cells have gb3 receptor and are selectively sensitive to apoptotic effect of verotoxin. studies on tumor cell lines and laboratory anima...

Objective: Today, special attention is paid to the use of zirconium dioxide nanoparticle (nano-ZrO2), a neutral bioceramic metal, particularly for drug and gene delivery in medicine. However, there are some reports implying that use of nano-ZrO2 is associated with cytotoxic effects like inhibiting the cell proliferation, DNA damage and apoptosis. In the present study, we examined whether nano-Z...

objective: hexavalent chromium [cr (vi)] compounds are well-known environmental contaminants  generated from industrial processes. several studies have reported the harmful effects of cr (vi) on different organs, however, little is known about neurotoxic effects of cr (vi). the aim of this study is to investigate the toxic effects of cr (vi) on pc12 cells. methods: pc12 cells were cultured foll...