We have isolated clones containing the entire mouse proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) gene of 3890 bp and flanking sequences using a rat PCNA cDNA as a probe. The mouse gene has 6 exons whose sequences and junction points of exons with introns are extensively homologous to the human gene while sizes and nucleotide sequences of introns are much less conserved than exons. By a transient e...

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) forms a trimeric ring that encircles duplex DNA and acts as an anchor for a number of proteins involved in DNA metabolic processes. PCNA has two structurally similar domains (I and II) linked by a long loop (inter-domain connector loop, IDCL) on the outside of each monomer of the trimeric structure that makes up the DNA clamp. All proteins that bind to ...

There is compelling evidence that proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a DNA sliding clamp, co-ordinates the processing and joining of Okazaki fragments during eukaryotic DNA replication. However, a detailed mechanistic understanding of functional PCNA:ligase I interactions has been incomplete. Here we present the co-crystal structure of yeast PCNA with a peptide encompassing the conserve...

Although microglia exist as a minor glial cell type in the normal state of brain, they increase number response to various disorders and insults. However, it remains unclear whether proliferate affected area, mechanism proliferation has long attracted attention researchers. We analyzed microglial mitosis using facial nerve transection model which blood–brain barrier is left unimpaired when nerv...

Catechins are essential phenolic compounds in persimmon. However, the catechin content leaves of persimmon germplasms has not been systematically and comprehensively evaluated. To assess variation different growth stages astringency types leaves, young adult 249 from Korea, Japan, 16 provinces China was quantified using an HPLC method. The results showed that (−)-epicatechin (EC) (−)-gallocatec...

Various cell proliferation markers are used as diagnostic and prognostic tools in oral lesions. Simultaneous evaluation of these markers can increase the precision of estimation of the proliferative status of different tissues. In this study we investigated the expression of PCNA and Ki-67 as markers of cell proliferation in 15 paraffin embedded samples of each dental follicle, dentigerous cy...

The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is an auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase S and appears to be needed for both DNA synthesis and DNA repair. It is present in low amount in resting normal human T lymphocytes and, upon mitogenic stimulation with phorbol dibutyrate and ionomycin, begins to increase in mid-G1 phase, approximately 12 to 15 hours before entry into S phase. PCNA continues...

PCNA ubiquitylation on lysine 164 is required for DNA damage tolerance. In many organisms PCNA is also ubiquitylated in unchallenged S phase but the significance of this has not been established. Using Schizosaccharomyces pombe, we demonstrate that lysine 164 ubiquitylation of PCNA contributes to efficient DNA replication in the absence of DNA damage. Loss of PCNA ubiquitylation manifests most ...

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a DNA polymerase cofactor and regulator of replication-linked functions. Upon DNA damage, yeast and vertebrate PCNA is modified at the conserved lysine K164 by ubiquitin, which mediates error-prone replication across lesions via translesion polymerases. We investigated the role of PCNA ubiquitination in variants of the DT40 B cell line that are mutan...

The proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA, has recently been identified as the polymerase delta accessory protein. PCNA is essential for cellular DNA synthesis and is also required for the in vitro replication of simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA where it acts to coordinate leading and lagging strand synthesis at the replication fork. The cDNA for rat PCNA was cloned into a series of bacterial expr...