Polygalacturonase inhibiting proteins (PGIPs) are cell wall proteins that inhibit the pectin-depolymerizing activity of polygalacturonases secreted by microbial pathogens and insects. These ubiquitous inhibitors have a leucine-rich repeat structure that is strongly conserved in monocot and dicot plants. Previous reviews have summarized the importance of PGIP in plant defense and the structural ...

Polygalacturonase-inhibitor protein (PGIP) is a defense protein found in plant cell walls. It prevents the degradation of pectin by modulating the endo-polygalacturonase activity. The present study has used heterologous anti-bean PGIP probes to investigate the role of PGIP in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L) R. Br.] resistance against downy mildew caused by oomycete pathogen Sclerospora gra...

Chilli fruit is highly susceptible to anthracnose infection at the stage of harvest maturity, due to which the fruit yield in the leading commercial variety Byadgi is severely affected. Field studies on screening of several varieties for resistance to anthracnose have shown that a variety of chilli AR-4/99K is resistant to anthracnose infection. In many crops, resistance to fungal attack has be...

Polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (PGIPs) are plant cell wall proteins that inhibit pathogen and pest polygalacturonases (PGs). PGIPs are members of the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein family that play crucial roles in development, pathogen defense and recognition of beneficial microbes in plants. Two sugar beet PGIP genes, Bv(FC607)PGIP1 and Bv(FC607)PGIP2, were cloned from a breeding li...

A polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (pgip) gene from Malus domestica cv Granny Smith apple fruit was cloned by degenerate oligo-primed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Inverse PCR. An alignment of the pear and bean PGIP sequences was used to design degenerate PCR primers in highly conserved regions. Degenerate PCR allowed the amplification of a 351bp internal fragment of the pgip gene, te...

Homogeneous endo-polygalacturonase (PG) was covalently bound to cyanogen-bromide-activated Sepharose, and the resulting PG-Sepharose conjugate was utilized to purify, by affinity chromatography, a protein from Phaseolus vulgaris hypocotyls that binds to and inhibits PG. Isoelectric focusing of the purified PG-inhibiting protein (PGIP) showed a major protein band that coincided with PG-inhibitin...

The PGIP protocol is a standard, abstract interface protocol to connect theorem provers with user interfaces. Interaction in PGIP is based on ASCII-text input and a single focus point-ofcontrol, which indicates a linear position in the input that has been checked thus far. This fits many interactive theorem provers whose interaction model stems from command-line interpreters. PlatΩ, on the othe...

We have tested whether a gene encoding a polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP) protects tobacco against a fungal pathogen (Rhizoctonia solani) and two oomycetes (Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae and Peronospora hyoscyami f. sp. tabacina). The trials were performed in greenhouse conditions for R. solani and P. parasitica and in the field for P. hyoscyami. Our results show that expre...

One of our target genes is a pear pgip cloned in the Labavitch lab (Stotz et al. 1993). PGIPs are proteins containing a leucinerich repeat domain that are targeted to the plant cell wall and that specifically inhibit fungal polygalacturonases (PGs). By inhibiting PGs, PGIPs directly interfere with host cell wall degradation and may thus prevent degradation of pectic oligomeric elicitors that ar...

To invade a plant tissue, phytopathogenic fungi produce several cell wall-degrading enzymes; among them, endopolygalacturonase (PG) catalyzes the fragmentation and solubilization of homogalacturonan. Polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (PGIPs), found in the cell wall of many plants, counteract fungal PGs by forming specific complexes with them. We report the crystal structure at 1.73 A resolu...