in recent decades, by increasing complexity of drug therapy, pharmacists considered as health- care members who can help optimizing drug therapy. we know that medicines do not have the anticipated effects all the times and a vast variability may exist in their behaviors in the body. so, it is very crucial to individualize treatment for every single patient. nowadays, optimizing drug therapy in ...

PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate community pharmacists' knowledge and certainty of adverse effects and contraindications of pharmaceutical products to estimate the risk of error. Factors influencing their knowledge and certainty were also investigated. METHODS The knowledge of community pharmacists was assessed in a cross-sectional design using a multiple-choice questions test on the a...

this paper has two objectives. first, it establishes a model for scoring the access to pharmaceutical services. second, it develops a model for measuring socioeconomic indicators independent of the time and place of study. these two measures are used for measuring equity in access to pharmaceutical services using concentration curve. we prepared an open-ended questionnaire and distributed it to...

OBJETIVE To analyze the relationship between access to medicines by the population and the institutionalization of pharmaceutical services in Brazilian primary health care. METHODS This study is part of the Pesquisa Nacional sobre Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos - Serviços 2015 (PNAUM - National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines - S...

OBJECTIVE To explore the purpose/s for which people with chronic conditions and their carers use Australian community pharmacies, and compare this to what pharmacy services they consider important, from the perspectives of both consumers and pharmacists. DESIGN An exploratory study involving a survey, which asked participants to indicate the pharmacy services they had ever used, and rate the ...

A prospectus is a formal summary or brief of a proposed venture. The purpose of this document is therefore to present an overview of the current documentation available to support the economic value of clinical pharmacy services, and to propose a course of action for future documentation of such value based on need. Although much overlap often exists among clinical, distributive, and administra...

OBJECTIVE To identify and discuss the conceptions of pharmaceutical services in Brazilian Primary Health Care, according to different subjects. METHODS This study is part of the Pesquisa Nacional sobre Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos - Serviços, 2015 (PNAUM - National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines - Services, 2015), which is com...