The immediate efficacies of two oral dosage regimens of artemisinin were investigated in 77 male and female adult Vietnamese falciparum malaria patients randomly assigned to treatment with either 500 mg of artemisinin daily for 5 days (group A; n = 40) or artemisinin at a dose of 100 mg per day for 2 days, with the dose increased to 250 mg per day for 2 consecutive days and with a final dose of...

In the present research article, we applied Wilks Lambda on two different pharmacokinetic studies. In the first study we check the bioavailability of the three different formulations (Dynapar QPS). We check the effectiveness of these formulations using Wilks Lambda. We found no significant difference in the effectiveness as measured by pharmacokinetic parameters. For the second study, we test t...

BACKGROUND Available alfentanil pharmacokinetic (PK) sets for target-controlled infusion (TCI) were derived from populations with normal BMI. The performance and accuracy of the models devised by Maitre and colleagues and Scott and colleagues were evaluated in a population including morbidly obese patients. METHODS Alfentanil TCI using Maitre and colleagues' model was administered to 10 obese...

INTRODUCTION Due to high inter-individual variability in peripheral pharmacokinetic parameters, dosing of antipsychotics currently relies on clinical trial-and-error, and predicting antipsychotic plasma concentrations before changing a dose has been a challenge. METHODS Patients with schizophrenia receiving a stable dose of olanzapine were included. 2 plasma samples were collected at 2 given ...

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have become known for both their therapeutic effect and good safety profile. An application was submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration for approval of a reformulated PPI product that failed bioequivalence testing, but was submitted on the basis of the long history of PPI use as a "surrogate" for equivalence. This review evaluates the safety data for PPIs,...

The pharmacokinetic interaction between lansoprazole with phenytoin and ciprofloxacin in healthy male volunteers was evaluated. In two separate experiments, a single dose of 30 mg lansoprazole was administered alone or in combination with phenytoin or ciprofloxacin to 11, respectively 18 healthy volunteers in two stages treatment of study design, separated by a period in which the phenytoin or ...

PURPOSE To identify the optimal combination of pharmacokinetic model and arterial input function (AIF) for quantitative analysis of blood perfusion in the patellar bone using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS This method design study used a random subset of five control subjects from an Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved case-control ...

BACKGROUND We previously proposed dosing weights for fentanyl, termed 'pharmacokinetic mass', that span the total body weight (TBW) range from 40 to 210 kg. In this study, we examined the relationships among fentanyl doses needed to achieve postoperative analgesia, corresponding plasma fentanyl concentrations, and pharmacokinetic mass in lean and obese patients undergoing abdominal surgery. M...

BACKGROUND Reported off-label/unlicensed prescribing rates in children range from 11% to 80%. Research into pharmacokinetic profiles of children's medicines is essential in the creation of more knowledge on the safety and efficacy of medicines in children. This study investigated how often pharmacokinetic data are collected in clinical trials of medicines in children by analysing registered rec...

INTRODUCTION Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affect more than one billion people, mainly living in developing countries. For most of these NTDs, treatment is suboptimal. To optimize treatment regimens, clinical pharmacokinetic studies are required where they have not been previously conducted to enable the use of pharmacometric modeling and simulation techniques in their application, which c...