background & aim: nowadays, new methods related to pain management have emerged. however, it has been reported in studies that post-operative pain management is inadequate. the purpose of this study was determined to pain levels of the patients after gynecologic surgery and nursing interventions. methods & materials: this descriptive study was undertaken as a multicenter study in the gynecologi...

introduction pharmacologic treatment of radicular pain with oral medications is limited by adverse effects and concern for dependence. while topical formulations have been explored in pain research, there is no published literature evaluating the efficacy in radicular pain. we present the first three cases of radicular pain successfully treated with a topical formulation of diclofenac, ibuprofe...

Most patients with cancer experience pain at some point in the disease course due to itself or its treatment, both. Pain management can involve pharmacologic (nonopioid medications, adjuvants, and opioids) nonpharmacologic (radiation therapy, interventional procedures) therapies. This article provides a treatment approach reduce for improve their quality of life.

Pain is associated with myriad medical conditions and affects millions of Americans. Chronic pain is one of the most common reasons prompting visits to healthcare providers; collectively, it possibly disables more people annually than heart disease and cancer combined. Primary goals of treating patients with chronic pain are to reduce pain as much as possible and facilitate functional restorati...

Chronic pain is a multifactorial condition with both physical and psychological symptoms, and it affects around 20% of the population in the developed world. In spite of outstanding advances in pain management over the past decades, chronic pain remains a significant problem. This article provides a mechanism- and evidence-based approach to improve the outcome for pharmacologic management of ch...