beyond what was laid down by the rivers in time of flood to maintain their grade across the sinking basins was carried through to the shallow sea which lay on the surface of the continent to the southwest. The relations were somewhat similar to those which now prevail between the ranges of the North American Cordillera and the Tertiary basins which lay between them and especially on the west be...

Human populations are not uniformly distributed on Earth's landmasses. The spatial distribution of the global human population at any time shows large variations over a wide range of spatial scales. Understanding this distribution is fundamental to understanding the relationships between humans and the environment. The recent availability of moderate resolution population data and higher resolu...

Large floods are often attributed to the melting of snow during a rain event. This study tested how climate variability, snowpack presence, and basin physiography were related to storm hydrograph shape in three small (<1 km2) basins with old-growth forest in western Oregon. Relationships between hydrograph characteristics and precipitation were tested for approximately 800 storms over a nearly ...

â â  a great portion of precipitation in the south western iran falls in the snow formation. surface runoff produced from melting snow has an important role in the recharging ground water, surface and subsurface flows. rapid snowmelt can even cause flooding . since the snowmelt cannot be easily detected from optical satellite images, snow cover area (sca) is derived as an important hydrological...

Energy recharging has received much attention in recent years. Several recharging mechanisms were proposed for achieving perpetual lifetime of a given Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). However, most of them require a mobile recharger to visit each sensor and then perform the recharging task, which increases the length of the recharging path. Another common weakness of these works is the requiremen...