fifty-nine samples of washed and unwashed leaves of 4 species of plants in tehran and 24 similar samples of the suburb (as control) were analyzed for pb content. a significant difference was seen between pb contents of washed and unwashed urban samples, while no significant difference was observed between the control samples. the mean pb contents of the urban suburb samples were also significan...

recently there has been fabulous excitement in the nano-biotechnological area for the study of nanoparticles synthesis using some natural biological system, which has led the growth advanced nanomaterials. this intention made us to assess the biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles from the leaf of suaeda monoica (s.monoica) using 1 mm silver nitrate. the leaf extract of s.monoica incubat...

Removal of cadmium from aqueous solutions using 20 species of plant leaves and combinations of these leaves have been studied. Several factors affecting the removal efficiency have been studied. The most efficient types of plant leaves for the removal of cadmium are those of styrax, plum, pomegranate and walnut. The interaction effect of the combined leaf samples on the efficiency of removal of...

conclusions pine trees can be used as a worthy bio-indicator for hms pollution monitoring in the ambient air in areas with extensive vegetation of pine trees. results iron had the highest concentration (345.0053 mg/kg) in leaves when compared with other hms. the concentration of zn, cu, pb and cd were 26.1384, 5.5905, 2.9963 and 0.7383 mg/kg, respectively. spatial mapping indicated that industr...

background: diabetes mellitus is considered one of the 5 principal causes of death in the world and is recognized as a global public health issue because of its multifactorial facets affecting essential biochemical processes in the body. this study investigated the antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic activities of the aqueous extract of cochlospermum planchonii (c. planchonii) leaves in streptozo...

Leaves exhibit a wide range of form and function: as well as the flattened photosynthetic organs we are most familiar with, modifications of leaf morphology produce the rigid spines of cacti, the cup-shaped insect traps of pitcher plants, colorful flower parts such as petals and some of the tendrils used for attachment by climbing plants. One fundamental choice in leaf architecture is whether t...

two-spotted spider mite, tetranychus urticae koch. is one of the most harmful pest of common bean in most areas of iran, including lorestan province. the appropriate unit and universe sampling of mite population were investigated in common bean fields in borujerd, dorud and azna in 2008. the results showed that samples should be taken from top, middle and bottom of the plant height. in addition...

Living systems, whether organs or entire organisms, display various forms of morphological invariance. Why? These phenomena are studied here from the Proto-Cognitive perspective, according to which evolution proceeds by processing information about the environment. The evolution of constancy, uniformity and symmetry is studied in detail. The study later focuses on the invariances of the plant's...

We consider the arguments of Berkeley against the thinkability of realism. We show that in fact Berkeley’s assumptions do not merely lead to the conclusion that realism is unthinkable, but that in fact Berkeley’s argument implies that idealism is also unthinkable, and leaves only a weak version of solipsism remains as a thinkable ontological position. From this, we argue that it is not possible...

We prove some general results about the relation between the 1-cocycles of an arbitrary Lie algebroid A over M and the leaves of the Lie algebroid foliation on M associated with A. Using these results, we show that a E1(M)-Dirac structure L induces on every leaf F of its characteristic foliation a E1(F )-Dirac structure LF , which comes from a precontact structure or from a locally conformal pr...