Transudative pleural effusions develop because the distribution of hydrostatic and oncotic pressure across the pleura is altered, so that the rate of pleural fluid formation exceeds that of its reabsorption. They are characterized by a low cell and protein content. Congestive heart failure is the most common cause of transudative effusion. The fluid that accumulates in a hepatic hydrothorax, ur...

DESCRIPTION A 51-year-old male presented with increasing dyspnoea, pleuritic chest pain and pain in the right shoulder tip. Clinical examination revealed stony dull percussion and absent breath sounds on the right mid and lower zones of the chest. He had no clinical evidence of heart failure or systemic volume overload, the main differential diagnoses in this case. His background history was si...

BACKGROUND Transudative pleural effusions due to pleuroperitoneal communication occur in 1.6-10% of patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD) and usually have overtly elevated glucose concentrations. METHODS We report two cases of verified pleuroperitoneal communication with minimally elevated pleural fluid glucose levels. We reviewed the literature of all PD patients with pleuroperitoneal ...

Pleural fluid originates in the pleural capillaries (mainly those of the parietal pleura), lymphatics, intrathoracic blood vessels, the interstitial pulmonary space, and the peritoneal cavity. It is reabsorbed mainly through the lymphatics of the parietal pleura. The mechanisms that cause pleural effusion all result in an increase in the production or a decrease in the removal of pleural fluid ...

Bilophila wadsworthia is an anaerobic, gram-negative, asaccharolytic, bile-resistant, catalase-positive bacillus that is usually urease positive and was originally recognized in specimens of peritoneal fluid and tissue from patients with appendicitis. Additional isolations from clinical specimens, including a scrotal abscess, mandibular osteomyelitis, axillary hidradenitis suppurativa, pleural ...

The aim of this study is to assess the diagnostic level of Ferroxidase activity of ceruloplasmin in tuberculousserosal effusion. The study was carried out on 50 patients suffering from tuberculous pleural and peritoneal effusion and 50 patients suffering from nontuberculous pleural and peritoneal effusion. Mean ± SD of ferroxidase in tuberculous pleural effusion was 1042 ± 112 IU/L and the sens...

background: early pleural tuberculosis (tb) diagnosis is particularly difficult. the aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of the xpert mtb/rif (xpert) (cepheid, sunnyvale, ca) assay using pleural biopsy and pleural fluid specimens in patients with suspected pleural tb but who had a negative sputum acid-fast bacilli (afb) smear. materials and methods: in this study, 134 s...

A 52yearold woman with endstage renal disease for chronic glomerulonephritis was started on inpatient peritoneal dialysis (PD). We increased infusion volume of PD exchange every 2 days without observing any symptoms, including respiratory symptoms. After changing infusion volume on the 5th day, the patient complained of dyspnea and continuous cough. Decreased breath sounds were noted in the rig...

A critical review of the work done in this area indicates that, of the available enzyme systems now used in clinical diagnosis, the LDH system is the only one of significant value in the examination of pleural and peritoneal effusions. In terms of differential diagnosis, estimation of pleural or peritoneal fluid LDH levels will enable the examiner to distinguish between poorly cellular vs. abun...