In this paper, we study the environmental effects on global and local pollutant emissions derived from the incorporation of new transmission circuits in existing corridors, and the interrelationships with the system economic costs and the system reliability variations. For that purpose, we develop a methodology that allows quantifying the indirect impact on pollutant emissions due to variations...

The mathematical model developed in this work can be used in the context of the industrial or accidental pollution of a soil with a liquid volatile organic pollutant. A relevant question for determining a possible remediation senarii is the ability to haracterize the level of the pollution in a short time. In this study, we consider a simple mathematical model for the rate limited mass transfer...

A critical component for predictions of formation of ozone and other secondary pollutant formation in the atmosphere is the chemical mechanism, i.e., the portion of the airshed models used to represent the chemical reactions involved. This is because the chemistry is the source of much of the complexity and non-linearity involved. Because many of the chemical reactions are incompletely understo...

This Policy Position Statement outlines the technical challenges involved in the assessment and management of future concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the atmosphere. It notes that NO2 is the pollutant responsible for most breaches in European standards for air quality in the UK and that, as a result, a robust evidence based approach is required to assess future concentrations of this...

Recent interest has been expressed in the possible need to develop ways to detect and quantify pollutants that affect evolution. Although environmental pollutants clearly can affect evolutionary processes, the evolutionary changes are a response to ecosystem-level toxicity elicited by the pollutant, rather than a direct effect of the pollutant on evolution. Accordingly, emphasis needs to be pla...

A British research team has recently compared the cost-effectiveness of different measures to reduce fine particulate matter (PM10) pollution in London. The authors used the Urban Scale Integrated Assessment Model (USIAM). This software tool enables to bring together data on air pollutant sources, their respective contributions to atmospheric concentrations, and human exposure, together with in...

Mobile computing has the potential to allow both experts and the public to collect and understand environmental data such as pollutants in urban areas. We describe an experimental system—eGS—that allows users to explore a city area while collaboratively visualising a common atmospheric pollutant— carbon monoxide—in real-time. Users carry a networked tablet PC. Using GPS and an attached sensor, ...

This paper analyses the decision to invest to reduce the emissions of a stock pollutant under environmental uncertainty. It shows that this decision depends on the type and level of uncertainty. When uncertainty is small, there is no simple irreversibility effect because of the tension between environmental irreversibility (the stock of pollutant causes costly long-term social damages), and inv...

Greenhouse gas emitted by the transport sector around the world is a serious issue of concern. To minimize such emission the automobile engineers have been working relentlessly. Researchers have been trying hard to switch fossil fuel to alternative fuels and attempting to various driving strategies to make traffic flow smooth and to reduce traffic congestion and emission of greenhouse gas. Auto...

This paper presents results of comprehensive analyses of data from the first 122 commercially available wireless environmental pervasive sensors (motes), developed by Newcastle University and deployed in England. Measurements of pollution, meteorology and traffic are used to investigate the complexity of the physical and chemical processes governing the levels of traffic-related pollution in ur...