mohammad ebrāhim bāstāni pārizi (1925-2014) has an outstanding role and a special situation in iran's contemporary historiography. his different manner in dealing with method, subject, bibliography and writing has attracted the public attention from one side, and has caused different reactions in academic historiography from the other side. therefore, it is impossible to ignore his influen...

BACKGROUND Clinical decision making is a fundamental aspect of nurses' clinical practice and has a direct impact on the health and well-being of each patient. METHOD An exploratory analysis of the concept of clinical decision making in nursing will be provided from the two predominant theoretical perspectives: the systematic-positivist model and the intuitive-humanistic model. The origin, aim...

the development of postmodern perspective has been considered as one of the most challenging approaches over a few last decades. many scholars maintain that postmodernism could be defined as fourth paradigms of social sciences after positivist, interpretive and critical social science. the emergence and development of this novel approach has great influences on the basics and essentials of many...

from the political sociology point of view, emerging and continuity of modern societies have been a combined with some kind of totalitarianism in west (as the first step of development), modern nation-states, modern revolutions, modern wars, formation of totalitarian communism-fashism, democratic systems, and at least globalization, terrorism, …. terrorism phenomena has been deep in glomming be...

this paper is a farsi translation of the first chapter of thesecond edition of “theory and methods in politicalscience” edited by david marsh and gerry stoker. thischapter was not included in the first edition of the bookpreviously translated by haj yoosefi. the new edition hasmajor differences with the previous one and the otherchapters in the book are written on the basis of the approachexpla...

the term paradigm hase penetrated in the web of many fields form natural to social sciences. therefore, for each researcher, understanding it's concept and dimensions is necessary. it is become to a common term in philsophy of science. there are many definitions of paradigm, but we can define it as: a set of believes and basic assumptions that are reflected in the ontology, epistemology an...