We performed ab initio path integral molecular dynamics (PIMD) simulations with a density functional theory (DFT) method to accurately predict hyperfine coupling constants (HFCCs) in the ethyl radical (CβH3-CαH2) and its Mu-substituted (muoniated) compound (CβH2Mu-CαH2). The substitution of a Mu atom, an ultralight isotope of the H atom, with larger nuclear quantum effect is expected to strongl...

one of the most important problems in geodesy is the unification of height datum. generally in geodesy; there are two types of height systems, the geometrical height based on ellipsoid and the physical height based on gravity-defined surface (zhang et al, 2009).local height datum is determined according to mean sea level (msl). in regarding to mismatch of mean sea level and geoid, on the one ha...

the simple method for height determination is spirit leveling. the leveled height differences are path-dependent. ergo height from spirit leveling is not unique. the problem can be solved by converting the path-dependent leveled height differences into unique path-independent height differences (vanicek and krakiwsky, 1986). the difference between the potentials of two close equipotential surfa...