The emerging importance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), has led to increasing interest in recent years about how to improve their performance. Therefore, to improve SMEs’ performance, we define proactivity as an essential factor that enables a company to anticipate change, to have the desire to make a change, and to create that change in our research framework. We also suppose tha...

Researchers have suggested that both ambiguity and values play important roles in shaping employees' proactive behaviors, but have not theoretically or empirically integrated these factors. Drawing on theories of situational strength and values, we propose that ambiguity constitutes a weak situation that strengthens the relationship between the content of employees' values and their proactivity...

Object oriented programming is facing challenges such as the development of software in distributed environments. Along this line has emerged the paradigm of agents. An agent shows behaviors, such as autonomy and proactivity, that differentiates it from an object. Proactivity allows developing goal-directed systems, in which a request is not necessary to start a task. Adding proactivity to a so...

We propose that interdependence in a work context determines to what extent work roles are embedded within a broader social system and, further, that uncertainty determines whether work roles can be formalized or whether they emerge through adaptive and proactive behavior. Cross-classification of task, team member, and organization member behaviors with proficiency, adaptivity, and proactivity ...

despite several authors having studied the strategic approach to environmental orientation and,considering that environmental proactivity is emerging in business strategy, it still remains unclear which realactions influence a firm’s environmental orientation. an empirical analysis of a sample of 126 spanish companies shows that firms’ actions are explained as training, information and divulgat...

despite several authors having studied the strategic approach to environmental orientation and,considering that environmental proactivity is emerging in business strategy, it still remains unclear which realactions influence a firm’s environmental orientation. an empirical analysis of a sample of 126 spanish companies shows that firms’ actions are explained as training, information and divulgat...

The paper addresses the problem of executing a plan in a dynamic environment for tasks involving constraints on consumable resources modeled as numeric fluents. In particular, the paper proposes a novel monitoring and adaptation strategy joining reactivity and proactivity in a unified framework. By exploiting the flexibility of a multi modality plan (where each action can be executed in differe...

As the organizational literature on specific proactive behaviors grows, researchers have noted inefficiencies and redundancies in the separate study of different proactive behaviors when their underlying nature, antecedents, processes, and consequences may be similar. We develop a framework designed to generalize across specific manifestations of proactivity, describing the nature, dimensions, ...

Purpose – This paper sets out to examine proactive personality in relation to job demands, job resources and engagement. Design/methodology/approach – The current study employed a two-wave complete panel study among 794 Dutch government employees. Based upon the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, previous studies, job crafting theories, and Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, hypotheses on...

Proactivity is the ability to take initiative by exhibiting goal-directed behavior. Agents with proactivity can respond to dynamic environment in a timely way. Hence the ability to anticipate the information needs of teammates and assist them proactively is highly desirable. This research is directed toward helping agents produce effective communication through observations. We show how agents ...