the present  study  was carried out to investigate the polymorphism of intron 3 to exon 3 of prolactin gene containing 24 bpindel at nucleotide position (np)  358 and its association with some reproductive traits in japanese quail. these traits consisted of weight (wsm) and age at sexual maturity (asm), mean egg weight at 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 2-6th weeks (mew), and the number of eggs during the 2...

Transcriptional regulation of the prolactin gene in the decidua differs from that in the pituitary. Several lines of evidence strongly suggest this difference is due to regulation of the prolactin gene in the decidua and other extra-pituitary tissues by tissue-specific transcription factors, which activate distinct promoters to induce prolactin gene expression in extra-pituitary sites compared ...

An insulin response element (IRE) has been identified in the prolactin gene using chimeric plasmids in which prolactin promoter DNA directs expression of the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene. A series of 5'-deletion constructs starting between positions -173 and -106 and extending through position +75 of the prolactin gene were all stimulated greater than 10-fold by physiologica...

Increasing prolactin levels or increasing responsiveness to prolactin may contribute to reproductive aging by influencing the secretory patterns of hypothalamic GnRH, pituitary gonadotropins, and/or ovarian steroids. Some studies have documented changes in the levels of prolactin in peripheral plasma. The goal of this study was to determine whether prolactin receptor mRNA levels in the brain ch...

Prolactin is a dual function protein that functions both as a hormone as well as a cytokine (Ben-Jonathan et al., 1996). Prolactin is synthesized and secreted from pituitary gland and its primary role is to help initiate and maintain breast milk production in pregnant and nursing women (PRL prolactin). Prolactin is also synthesized and secreted from the cells of the immune system such as macrop...

Since structural luteolysis involves deterioration of tissue, the gene expression of matrix-metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and the respective tissue inhibitor of this metalloprotease (TIMP-1) were measured at various times on the day of pro-oestrus and in animals in which the preovulatory prolactin surge was blocked for the duration of 3 cycles by bromocriptine. An additional group of prolactin-bl...

The POU transcription factor Pit-1 activates members of the prolactin/growth hormone gene family in specific endocrine cell types of the pituitary gland. Although Pit-1 is structurally conserved among vertebrate species, evolutionary changes in the pattern of Pit-1 RNA splicing have led to a notable "contraction" of the transactivation domain in the mammalian lineage, relative to Pit-1 in salmo...

A 1-kilobase DNA fragment containing the promoter of the bovine prolactin gene was fused to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene and the activity of the promoter was assayed by transfection of the fusion gene into COS-1, HeLa, and GH3 cells. Transcription of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene driven by the prolactin promoter was detected only in GH3 cells, a rat pituitary tumor ce...

The present  study  was carried out to investigate the polymorphism of intron 3 to exon 3 of prolactin gene containing 24 bpindel at nucleotide position (np)  358 and its association with some reproductive traits in Japanese quail. These traits consisted of weight (WSM) and age at sexual maturity (ASM), mean egg weight at 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 2-6th weeks (MEW), and the number of eggs during the 2...