Posttranscriptional silencing (PTGS) in plants, nematodes, Drosophila, and perhaps all eukaryotes operates by sequence-specific degradation or translational inhibition of the target mRNA. These processes are mediated by duplexed RNA. In Drosophila and nematodes, double-stranded (ds)RNA or self-complementary RNA is processed into fragments of approximately 21 nt by Dicer-1. These small interferi...

Objective(s): Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in females. Understanding molecular mechanisms in cancer cells compared with normal cells is crucial for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA, a regulator of reprogramming (lincRNA-RoR) is a noncoding RNA which initially was detected in induced pluripotent s...

The Effect of Chalcone Isomerase (Chi) Gene Silencing on Flavonoids Content in Petunia hybrida using RNAi Technology

The term aRNA interferenceo (RNAi) was coined after the groundbreaking discovery that injection of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans leads to specific silencing of genes highly homologous in sequence to the delivered dsRNA. The RNAi phenotype is either identical to the genetic null mutant or resembles an allelic series of mutants. The dsRNA can also be deliver...

Objective(s): ShRNA-mediated silencing strategy is considered to be a potent therapeutic approach. The present study aimed to assess the ability of the previously prepared polyethylenimine (PEI) derivative for the shRNA knock-down of the CD200 gene on the cells obtained from the patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Materials and Methods: Since there are several investigations...

Originally identified in Bulgaria in 1915, Plum pox virus (PPV) is the most damaging virus of stone fruit trees, including apricot, plum, peach and cherry. PPV steadily spread throughout Europe over the years since its discovery and at the turn of the century (1999-2000) it reached North America (USA and Canada). While many strategies to control the spread of PPV have been undertaken over the d...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Cinacalcet is one of the important treatments of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). We evaluated the role of computed tomography (CT) for parathyroid glands (PTGs) to determine the response to cinacalcet therapy in dialysis patients. METHODS In study 1, we compared the predictive cutoff values of the largest volume or diameter of PTGs on ultrasonography or CT for achievemen...

Prostanoids are suggested to participate in diabetes pathology, but their roles are controversially discussed. The purpose of the current study was to examine the role of cyclooxygenase (prostaglandin synthase [PTGS]) enzymes and prostaglandin (PG) E(2) signaling pathways in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes. Blood glucose, insulin, and survival rate were studied in mice with targete...