A new CMOS buffer without short-circuit power consumption is proposed. The gatedriving signal of the output pull-up (pull-down) transistor is fed back to the output pull-down (pull-up) transistor to get tri-state output momentarily, eliminating the short-circuit power consumption. The HSPICE simulation results verified the operation of the proposed buffer and showed the power-delay product is a...

The purpose of this study was to compare kinematics and muscle activity between chin-ups and lat-pull down exercises and between muscle groups during the two exercises. Normalized electromyography (EMG) of biceps brachii (BB), triceps brachii (TB), pectoralis major (PM), latissimus dorsi (LD), rectus abdominus (RA), and erector spinae (ES) and kinematics of back, shoulder, and seventh cervical ...

In many computer interfaces the underlying structures and contingencies are often hidden from the user's view. Users high in Spatial Visualization Ability (SVA) are able to quickly determine and manage the contingencies of these relationships and are not severely affected by this problem. Low SVA users, however, have difficulty visualizing these contingencies and often get lost. We examined the...

A nonlinear vibration system, over a span of convincing periodic motion, might break out abruptly catastrophic instability, but the lack theoretical tool has obscured prediction outbreak. This paper deploys amplitude-frequency formulation for oscillators to reveal critically important mechanism pseudo-periodic and finds quadratic force contributes pull-down phenomenon in each cycle when reaches...