Pyrethrins are a class of natural terpenoid pesticides produced by Tanacetum cinerariifolium, commonly known as chrysanthemum. Here we present evidence that cannabis may be able to produce pyrethrins endogenously. Flower from a cannabis plant grown in a closed hydroponic environment contained 2.48 parts per million pyrethrin I by weight. A comparison of the genetics of T. cinerariifolium and Ca...

Pyrethrins are natural pesticides present in the oil extracted from the flowers of Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium. They are potent ion-channel neurotoxins which have higher selective toxicity for insects compared to mammals. These phytochemicals have an exceptionally safe environmental profile and are an attractive natural alternative to organophosphate insecticides currently used in agricultur...

Glandular trichomes are currently known only to store mono- and sesquiterpene compounds in the subcuticular cavity just above the apical cells of trichomes or emit them into the headspace. We demonstrate that basipetal secretions can also occur, by addressing the organization of the biosynthesis and storage of pyrethrins in pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) flowers. Pyrethrum produces a div...

Pyrethrins are nowadays widely used for prevention and control of insects in leaf lettuce. However, there is a concern about the pesticide residue in leaf lettuce. A reliable analytical method for determination of pyrethrins (pyrethrin-and П, cinerin І and П, and jasmolin І and П) in leaf lettuce was developed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Recoveries of pyrethrins in le...

The leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus is the vector of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma vitis', the causal agent of Flavescence dorée (FD) a key disease for European viticulture. In organic vineyards, the control of S. titanus relies mostly on the use of pyrethrins that have suboptimal efficacy. During 2016, three field trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of kaolin, orange oil, insecticidal soap...

A new method for determination of pyrethroids, pyrethrins, and piperonyl butoxide (PBO) by high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) was developed for aquatic sediments. The method detection limits for pyrethroids (15 compounds), pyrethrins, and PBO ranged from 0.16 to 1.50 ng/g sediment, which was suitable for detecting these chemicals at environmentally ...

Field control failures with pirimiphos-methyl against the rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton), in Weslaco, Texas, USA, led us to investigate the susceptibility of this particular strain to pirimiphos-methyl, spinosad, pyrethrins synergized with piperonyl butoxide, and pirimiphos-methyl combined with synergized pyrethrins. In laboratory bioassays, 50 eggs of C cephalonica were exposed to u...

Pyrethrum is the natural extract that occurs in the flowers of Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium and Chrysanthemum cineum. Pyrethrum has long been recognized as possessing insecticidal properties; over the years, first the chemical extracts of pyrethrum, and then more recently, the specific synthetic chemical analogs have been produced. The six active insecticidal compounds of pyrethrum are called...

The natural pyrethrins from the daisy-like flower, Tanacetum or Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium, are nonpersistent insecticides of low toxicity to mammals. Synthetic analogs or pyrethroids, evolved from the natural compounds by successive isosteric modifications, are more potent and stable and are the newest important class of crop protection chemicals. They retain many of the favorable propertie...

Four acaricides (amitraz, cyfluthrin, permethrin, and pyrethrins) were studied for their efficacy in the rapid killing of Amblyomma americanum, A. cajennense, and A. maculatum (Acari: Ixodidae) and eight acaricides (amitraz, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, cyfluthrin, fipronil, permethrin, pyrethrins, and selamectin) for their efficacy in the rapid killing of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae)....