The Arkansas recommendation for Heliothine control is to use the higher recommended rates when a cotton production area is under heavy Heliothine pressure (Greene, 2003). However, Heliothine resistance to pyrethroid insecticides has been documented several times in the past few years (Payne et al., 2001; Williams,1999). Tank mixing pyrethroids with non-pyrethroids has been shown to be effective...

The main objective of this study was to assess insecticide contamination in Anopheles breeding habitats in urban residential areas and pyrethroid susceptibility status of mosquitoes found in the habitats. A larval survey was conducted in Akim Oda between July and October 2016. The larvae that were reared to adult were used for susceptibility test against four different pyrethroid insecticides (...

Pyrethroid insecticides are the front line vector control tools used in bed nets to reduce malaria transmission and its burden. However, resistance in major vectors such as Anopheles arabiensis is posing a serious challenge to the success of malaria control. Herein, we elucidated the molecular and biochemical basis of pyrethroid resistance in a knockdown resistance-free Anopheles arabiensis pop...

Pyrethroid insecticides are widely used to control insect pests and human disease vectors. Voltage-gated sodium channels are the primary targets of pyrethroid insecticides. Mutations in the sodium channel have been shown to be responsible for pyrethroid resistance, known as knockdown resistance (kdr), in various insects including mosquitoes. In Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, the principal urban vect...

A homology model of the housefly voltage-gated sodium channel was developed to predict the location of binding sites for the insecticides fenvalerate, a synthetic pyrethroid, and DDT an early generation organochlorine. The model successfully addresses the state-dependent affinity of pyrethroid insecticides, their mechanism of action and the role of mutations in the channel that are known to con...

Malaria control is reliant on the use of long-lasting pyrethroid-impregnated nets and/or indoor residual spraying (IRS) of insecticide. The rapid selection and spread of operationally significant pyrethroid resistance in African malaria vectors threatens our ability to sustain malaria control. Establishing whether resistance is operationally significant is technically challenging. Routine monit...

BACKGROUND The effectiveness of insecticide treated nets is under threat across Africa south of the Sahara from the selection of pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. To maintain progress against malaria it is necessary to identify alternative residual insecticides for mosquito nets. Mixtures of pyrethroid and insecticides with novel mode of action provide scope for both improv...

The rice stink bug [Oebalus pugnax (F.)] is one of the important pests commonly found in Arkansas rice fields. When outbreaks in fields reach critical levels, an insecticide application is an option. Pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides usually give excellent contact mortality, but both groups lack any significant residual activity. Two insecticides, dinotefuran and clothianidin, were te...

BACKGROUND Pyrethroid insecticides are the most commonly used residential insecticides in the United States. OBJECTIVES Our objective was to assess human exposure via biomonitoring to pyrethroid insecticides in a representative sample of the general U.S. population >or= 6 years of age. METHODS By using isotope-dilution high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray chemical ionization/...