The results from the Intercomparison of Radiation Codes Used in Climate Models (ICRCCM) (Ellingson et al. 1991) showed about ±2% differences in flux calculations between the narrowband models and line-by-bine models. Narrowband and broadband model calculations of downwelling radiance showed similar discrepancies with observations from the SPECTral Radiation Experiment (SPECTRE, see Ellingson an...

Background: Rad51 is a protein with critical role in double strand break repair. Down-regulation of this protein has a significant effect in radiosensitivity of some cell lines like prostate carcinoma. Compared to monolayer cell culture model, the spheroids are more resistant to radiation. The aim of the current study was to determine the Rad51 protein level in DU145 spheroids, and monol...

the main driving force of the earth atmospheric system is solar radiation. radiation flux determines the surface temperature and impacts life on the earth through photosynthesis. a quantitative knowledge of the earth radiation field is important to evaluate the atmosphere–surface interactions and the global hydrological cycle. various atmospheric radiative transfer models have been proposed in ...

OBJECTIVES Diagnostic medical radiation workers in Korea have been officially monitored for their occupational radiation doses since 1996. The purpose of this study was to design models for reconstructing unknown individual radiation doses to which diagnostic radiation technologists were exposed before 1996. METHODS Radiation dose reconstruction models were developed by using cross-sectional ...

For developing countries like Pakistan, the paucity of reliable solar radiation data necessitates the development of empirical models. To develop such a model one could use various parameters. In this study, linear regression models are developed to estimate the monthly average daily global radiation using cloudiness data for Karachi, Pakistan for the period of 20 years (1990-2010). The results...

Atmospheric radiation budgets are strongly affected by the horizontal and vertical distributions of cloud systems. With the horizontal resolution of several hundred kilometers in general circulation models (GCMs), parameterization of cloud vertical overlap and horizontal inhomogeneity in radiation schemes has long been a major challenge for climate simulations (Stephens 1984; Stephens et al. 20...

Seven empirical models and the artificial neural network model (ANN) are applied and validated to estimate the daily and monthly global solar radiation on a horizontal surface in Qena, Upper Egypt. Statistical comparison has been done between all these models. The results demonstrated that ANN model with MBE, RMSE, MPE, R, NSE and t values of -0.0692, 0.5338, 0.2647, 0.9946, 0.9890 and 2.4934 r...

Solar radiation data are an important input for estimating evapotranspiration and modelling crop growth. Direct measurement of solar radiation is now carried out in most European countries, but the network of measuring stations is too sparse for reliable interpolation of measured values. Instead of direct measurements, solar radiation may be estimated from empirical solar radiation models that ...