Radiometric dating--the process of determining the age of rocks from the decay of their radioactive elements-has been in widespread use for over half a century. There are over forty such techniques, each using a different radioactive element or a different way of measuring them. It has become increasingly clear that these radiometric dating techniques agree with each other and as a whole, prese...

The Ocean and Land Color Instruments (OLCI) operated onboard the Copernicus Sentinel-3 satellites are providing globally distributed Radiometry (OCR) data products of relevance for environmental climate applications. This work summarizes results on assessment fundamental OCR from Operational Baseline 3 Collection OL_L2M.003.01 OLCI-A OLCI-B Sentinel-3A Sentinel-3B, respectively. Evaluated satel...

Useful biophysical information such as surface temperature and surface energy flux provided by thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing sensors are commonly used for studying urban temperature variations and urban heat islands. However, an important limitation of TIR imagery is the influence of local microclimatic variability (i.e., wind, precipitation and humidity) on sensor observations. This ca...

Introduction In the present nuclear age, the devastating effects of radioactivity have been highlighted by such issues as nuclear weapons testing and radioactive waste disposal, and by the reactor incidents at Three Mile Island and Chernobyl. These events illustrate the vexing problems that can be associated with high levels of radioactivity. However, the presence of radioactivity is not limite...

We newly elaborated and adapted several radiometric enzyme assays for the determination of activities of the key enzymes engaged in the biosynthesis (thyroid peroxidase, TPO) and metabolic transformations (conjugating enzymes and iodothyronine deiodinases, IDs) of thyroid hormones (THs) in the thyroid gland and in peripheral tissues, especially in white adipose tissue (WAT). We also elaborated ...

Crookes’ Radiometer exploits thermal forces arising from temperature gradients in rarefied gases. This instrument has remained confined to educational physics because of the very small size of the radiometric effect and because of the necessity of an evacuated environment for operation. In this article the physics of this instrument is reviewed, different theories are compared and some general ...