In the present paper, the Zelt algorithm has been extended for ray tracing through an anisotropic model. In anisotropic media, the direction of the propagated energy generally differs from that of the plane-wave propagation. This makes velocity values to be varied in different directions. Therefore, velocity modeling in such media is completely different from that in an isotropic media. The vel...

In this report, we introduce a model based on geometrical optics which describes the propagation of light in homogeneous uniaxially anisotropic media. We call this model the OpIn model. A ray-tracing algorithm based on the OpIn model is also introduced. Results from a test case obtained by the OpIn model are compared with results from the commercial ray-tracing program ASAP. It appears that res...

Here, we investigate the possible optical anisotropy of vacuum due to gravitational field. In doing this, we provide sufficient evidence from direct coordinate integration of the null-geodesic equations obtained from the Lagrangian method, as well as ray-tracing equations obtained from the Plebanski’s equivalent medium theory. All calculations are done for the Schwarzschild geometry, which resu...

Consider optical systems consisting of a set of refractive or reflective surfaces. The ray tracing problem is, given an optical system and the position and direction of an initial light ray, to decide if a light ray reaches some given final position. We assume the position and the tangent of the incident angle of the initial light ray is rational. For many years, ray tracing has been used for d...

With the advances in computer processing that have yielded an enormous increase in performance, numerical analytical approaches based on electromagnetic theory have recently been applied to mobile radio propagation analysis. One such approach is the ray-tracing method based on geometrical optics and the uniform geometrical theory of diffraction. In this paper, ray-tracing techniques that have b...