A naive realization of JSON data in R maps JSON arrays to an unnamed list, and JSON objects to a named list. However, in practice a list is an awkward, inefficient type to store and manipulate data. Most statistical applications work with (homogeneous) vectors, matrices or data frames. Therefore JSON packages in R typically define certain special cases of JSON structures which map to simpler R ...

Testing is an important and critical part of the software development process, on which the quality and reliability of the delivered product strictly depend. Testing is not limited to the detection of “bugs” in the software, but also increases confidence in its proper functioning and assists with the evaluation of functional and nonfunctional properties. Testing related activities encompass the...

An account is given of the Steed algorithm for calculating Coulomb functions and, as a special case, both spherical Bessel and Riccati–Bessel functions. These functions are needed for boundary-condition matching in scattering problems in Atomic and Nuclear physics. Central to the technique is the evaluation of continued fractions and for this calculation Lentz’s forward method (modified by Thom...

We present a process model that applies case–based reasoning techniques to information system design. Describing the process model we focus on similarity and case adaption aspects. We are currently implementing the process model in a research prototype called CBModeler. The CBModeler project shows how the development of information systems can be supported by reusing design specifications from ...

A co-evolutionary approach for developing programs for controlling a very simple \robot-like" simulated vehicle is presented. The main goal is to nd programs that can generalize and solve other similar problems. Good results are achieved by coevolving the test cases and the simulated vehicles and using locality in both the reproduction and evaluation phases. The tness of a controller is determi...

We present a discourse model integrated with a case-based reasoning dialogue system which learns from experience. The discourse model is capable of solving references, manage sub dialogues and respect the current topic in a dialogue in natural language. The framework is flexible enough not to disturb the learning functions, but allows dynamic changes to a large extent. The system is tested in a...

This paper contains results from a project sponsored by BT (British Telecom Plc), which has investigated the application of knowledge-based systems (KBS) technology to support the operations of Help Desks. The project is now well-advanced, and is currently investigating case-based reasoning methods. Results from this latter part of the project will be published in due course. However, here we r...