Economic growth in China and India has attracted many headlines recently. As a result, the literature comparing the two Asian giants has expanded substantially. This paper adds to the literature by comparing regional growth, disparity and convergence in the two economies. This is the first of its kind. The paper presents a detailed examination of economic growth in the regions of China and Indi...

Precise Point Positioning (PPP) has become a very hot topic in GNSS research and applications. However, it usually takes about several tens of minutes in order to obtain positions with better than 10 cm accuracy. This prevents PPP from being widely used in real-time kinematic positioning services, therefore, a large effort has been made to tackle the convergence problem. One of the recent appro...

We define notions of local topological convergence and local geometric convergence for embedded graphs in R, and study their properties. The former is related to BenjaminiSchramm convergence, and the latter to weak convergence of probability measures with respect to a certain topology on the space of embedded graphs. These are used to state universality conjectures for the long-term behavior of...

Contents Chapter 1. Martingales, continued 1 1.1. Martingales indexed by partially ordered sets 1 1.2. Notions of convergence for martingales 3 1.3. Uniform integrability 4 1.4. Convergence of martingales with directed index sets 6 1.5. Application: The 0-1 law of Kolmogorov 8 1.6. Continuous-time martingales 9 1.7. Tail bounds for martingales 12 1.8. Application: The Pólya urn 13 1.9. Applicat...

We consider continuous-time consensus seeking systems whose time-dependent interactions are cut-balanced, in the following sense: if a group of agents influences the remaining ones, the former group is also influenced by the remaining ones by at least a proportional amount. Models involving symmetric interconnections and models in which a weighted average of the agent values is conserved are sp...

Most of the results for laws of large numbers based on Banach space valued random sets assume that the sets are independent and identically distributed (IID), and compact, in which R̊adström embedding or the refined method for collection of compact and convex subsets of a Banach space plays an important role. In this paper, exchangeability among random sets as a dependency, instead of IID, is as...

We consider continuous-time consensus seeking systems whose time-dependent interactions are cut-balanced, in the following sense: if a group of agents influences the remaining ones, the former group is also influenced by the remaining ones by at least a proportional amount. Models involving symmetric interconnections and models in which a weighted average of the agent values is conserved are sp...

In this paper we give two examples of evanescent Markov chains which exhibit unusual behaviour on conditioning to survive for large times. In the first example we show that the conditioned processes converge vaguely in the discrete topology to a limit with a finite lifetime, but converge weakly in the Martin topology to a non-Markovian limit. In the second example, although the family of condit...

Stack-triangulations appear as natural objects when one wants to define some families of increasing triangulations by successive additions of faces. We investigate the asymptotic behavior of rooted stack-triangulations with 2n faces under two different distributions. We show that the uniform distribution on this set of maps converges, for a topology of local convergence, to a distribution on th...