an efficient method was employed for the ash and pyrite sulphur removal from bitumen using column flotation process. the bitumen samples containing 9.6% sulphur (6.81% in the pyrite sulphur form) and 26.4% ash were successfully showed up to 75.20% of pyrite sulphur (e.g.; 51.66% of total sulphur) and 70.81% of ash removal. the box-behnken design (bbd) was employed to design the experiments, to ...

this paper presents the results of a numerical study on the heat transfer performance and the removal process of fluid particles under the influence of magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection in a horizontal channel with an open cavity. the bottom wall of the cavity is heated at a constant temperature (th) while the top wall of the channel is maintained at a relatively low temperature (tc). air wi...

this study investigates removing ash and pyrite sulphur from bitumen by column flotation process. central composite design (ccd) of response surface methodology (rsm) was applied for modeling and optimization of the percentage of ash and pyrite sulphur removal from bitumen. the effects of five parameters namely the amounts of collector and frother agents, particle size, wash water rate and feed...

this study presents a comparison between aluminum and iron plate electrodes on phosphate removal from aqueous solutions by electrocoagulation process. the effectiveness of main operational parameters such as initial ph, initial phosphate concentration and current density were examined. in addition, treated solution and sludge characteristics, energy consumption and electrode mass depletion w...

the abrasive flow machining technique uses a self-deforming tool, an abrasive laden media that is passed back and forth in the passage geometry of the hollow workpiece with the assistance of two hydraulically operated cylinders placed opposite to each other. the material is removed by abrasion generating finer surfaces in the area where flow is restricted. but this method has a low material rem...

background : hexavalent chromium ( cr (vi)) is an important contaminant in surface and groundwater and its removal from contaminated water and wastewater has received interest in recent years. this study aimed to explain the removal process of cr (vi) from aqueous solution using nano hydroxyapatite (n-hap) as an adsorbent material. methods: cr (vi) removal experiments with the prepared n-hap we...

background and objectives: microbial caffeine removal is a green solution for treatment of caffeinated products and agro-industrial effluents. we directed this investigation to optimizing a bio-decaffeination process with growing cultures of pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes through taguchi methodology which is a structured statistical approach that can be lowered variations in a process through de...

this study presents a comparison between aluminum and iron plate electrodes on phosphate removal from aqueous solutions by electrocoagulation process. the effectiveness of main operational parameters such as initial ph, initial phosphate concentration and current density were examined. in addition, treated solution and sludge characteristics, energy consumption and electrode mass depletion were...

the research aimed to apply the taguchi method for techno-economical evaluation of cr+6 removal using the electro-coagulation process with the aid of two different coagulants (fecl3 and pac). taguchi orthogonal array l27 (313) was applied for analyzing the effect of four variables including initial ph, reaction time, current density and coagulant types in an attempt to improve the chromium remo...

background: recently, there has been a great concern about the consumption of dyes because of their toxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and persistence in the aquatic environment. reactive dyes are widely used in textile industry. advanced oxidation processes are one of the cost-effective methods for the removal of these dyes. the main aims of this study were determining the feasibility of...