the reliability of surface electromyographic (semg) variables during swallowing determines the potential usefulness of these measures in swallowing assessment and treatment. this study aimed to establish the reliability of the semg measures of the swallowing function of muscles during different swallowing conditions in healthy young and old volunteers. two groups of volunteers (24 older adults,...

background: estimating pain in patients of intensive care unit (icu) is essential, but because of their special situation, verbal scales cannot be used. therefore, to estimate the level of pain, behavioral pain scale was developed by payen in 2001. objectives: the aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of behavioral pain scale in patients with low level of consciousne...

despite the current use of radiography for quantifying sagittal skeletal measurements, it is an unsuitable way for screening or epidemiologic purposes. although not fully approved, anthropometric measurements have been suggested as a substitute, and considering displacement of soft tissues, could possibly lead to more consistent results. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability...

objective: early maladaptive schemas are deep feelings or patterns that are formed in childhood and recur later in their lifetime. young has classified these schemas. the purpose of the present study was to validate the young early maladaptive schema questionnaire (yemsq) for early maladaptive schemas in a group of university students. methods: five hundred and seventy nine students were random...

introduction the main goal of this study was to perform quality control test on all radiography units operating in golestan province of iran. materials and methods forty-four x-ray units were examined based on general accepted programs for quality control. eight parameters including kvp accuracy, kvp reproducibility, ma-time reciprocity, exposure linearity, exposure reproducibility, timer accur...

Introduction The main goal of this study was to perform quality control test on all radiography units operating in Golestan province of IRAN. Materials and Methods Forty-four X-ray units were examined based on general accepted programs for quality control. Eight parameters including kVp accuracy, kVp reproducibility, mA-time reciprocity, exposure linearity, exposure reproducibility, timer accur...

introduction:  image  distortion  is  one  of  the  major  problems  of  magnetic  resonance  imaging  (mri) for use in 3dmri, velocity mri, fmri and radiotherapy treatment planning (rttp). it is  widely known that the most obvious effect of the inhomogenity of the magnetic fields and the  nonlinearity  of  the  gradient  is  the  geometric  distortion  of  mr  tomograms.  in  this  study,  the...

background: pediatric lower urinary tract scoring system (plutss) is a questionnaire contains items for assessment of wetting episodes, voiding frequency and pattern. it is used for screening and evaluation of the response of children with lower urinary tract symptoms to therapy. we studied the validity and reliability of persian translated version of this questionnaire among iranian children. ...