The paper introduces a new journal impact measure called The Reference Return Ratio (3R). Unlike the traditional Journal Impact Factor (JIF), which is based on calculations of publications and citations, the new measure is based on calculations of bibliographic investments (references) and returns (citations). A comparative study of the two measures shows a strong relationship between the 3R an...

In this paper we study closed-loop supply chain models for a high-tech product which is featured with a short life-cycle and volatile demand. We focus on the manufacturer's choice of three alternative reverse channel structures for collecting the used product from consumers for remanufacturing: (1) the manufacturer collects the used product directly; (2) the retailer collects the used product f...

capital assets pricing model is used as a tool for the estimation of investments in capital markets with the relation of expected return and risk on securities. this study examines the applicability of capm on pakistan stock markets and karachi stock exchange being the main capital market of pakistan is taken for the study. the analysis is done by taking a sample of 10 performing companies of 1...

this paper analyzes the relationship between capital structure and earning management. for analysing we used 119 non-financial companies that listed in tehran stock exchange from 2000 to 2008. the researchers will focus on comparing the jones model and the modified jones model, which are the two most frequently used model in empirical analysis nowadays. earnings management is a kind of manageme...

Abstract: We analyze the relationship between return migration rates and the age profile of retirement within immigrant populations. Our simple theoretical model illustrates that under reasonable conditions the probability of return migration is maximized at retirement. This implies that different immigrant populations will have different retirement profiles, not only because individual retirem...

Defending against Return-Oriented Programming

This paper describes the design of a high-efficiency vehicular roof-mounted antenna for wireless access for vehicular environment (WAVE) communication systems used for ubiquitous intelligent systems. The main objective of the ubiquitous intelligent system’s automotive IT technology is to enhance the connectivity among vehicles to ensure seamless communication and to reduce the initial access ti...