Previous studies have found that individuals from rural areas in Malaysia and in El Salvador prefer heavier women than individuals from urban areas. Several explanations have been proposed to explain these differences in weight preferences but no study has explored familiarity as a possible explanation. We therefore sought to investigate participants' face preferences while also examining the f...

G restrictions on the rights of banks to open branches and establish offices across state lines have been relaxed throughout the nation since the early 1980s. During the 1980s and early 1990s, many states relaxed controls over branching by banks located within their borders, and almost all of them permitted some form of regional interstate banking through acquisitions of banks by holding compan...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To examine the relations between geographical variations in mortality, morbidity, and deprivation at the small area level in the south west of England and to assess whether these relations vary between urban and rural areas. DESIGN A geographically based cross sectional study using 1991 census data on premature limiting long term illness (LLTI) and socioeconomic characteristic...

Study objective: To examine the relations between geographical variations in mortality, morbidity, and deprivation at the small area level in the south west of England and to assess whether these relations vary between urban and rural areas. Design: A geographically based cross sectional study using 1991 census data on premature limiting long term illness (LLTI) and socioeconomic characteristic...

OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the role of different factors associated with exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) in the workplace and home in the urban and rural areas of India. DESIGN Secondary analysis of the data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey conducted in 2009-2010. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Data were analysed from 32 738 rural and 23 202 urban non-smokers at home and 48...

in this paper, we ask “can proximity to towns reduces poverty in rural areas?” for this study we have mapped all the villages in orissa. the study is based on small area poverty estimation methodology as well as the secondary data covering 47,395 villages and 109 towns. our main findings are (i) there is a relationship between the distance to nearest town and rural poverty and (ii) poverty leve...

INTRODUCTION The geographic maldistribution of physicians (their concentration in urban areas and shortage in rural areas) has long been an important political issue in post-war Japan. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term transition in the geographic distribution of physicians, and to reveal which rural physician characteristics predict their retention in rural areas after 22 years. ...

Urban and rural areas differ in economic, social and environmental terms. Due to the diverging dynamics in urban and rural areas, the social and economic distance between them might increase in the future even more. Rural entrepreneurs with linkages to urban areas are able to bridge the rural–urban divide by accessing some of the urban features, such as knowledge and markets, while at the same ...