Pyranoquinoline alkaloids, which possess inter­ esting pharmacological properties are known [1, 2] to occur in the plant family Rutaceae. The alka­ loids, khaplofoline (1) and ribalinine (2), isolated respectively from Haplophyllum foliosum (Vved) [3] and Balfourodendron riedelianum [4], members of the rutaceae, are structurally proven to be of pyrano [2,3-b]quinoline systems. Several reports h...

Adults and nymphs of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), were collected in the Guayaquil, Samborondón, and Durán cantons in coastal Ecuador. Psyllids were found in high numbers in citrus (Citrus spp., Sapindales: Rutaceae) and orange jasmine (Murraya exotica [L.] Jack, Sapindales: Rutaceae) trees within the Guayaquil-Samborondon-Duran conurbation; however...

In an effort to document the antibacterial properties of plants commonly used by the people of Puerto Rico, we studied the effects of 172 plant species, utilizing the disc diffusion method, against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The methanolic extracts of 14 species showed antibacterial activities during this preliminary screen. These positive plant extracts were tested successivel...

Raputia codo-pozuzoensis Rob. Fernandez & Arteaga, sp. nov. (Galipeinae, Rutaceae), a new species endemic to the Huanuco region, in the Selva Central of Peru, is described and illustrated here. The new species differs from other species of Raputia by the combination of 5-7-foliolate leaves (a new characteristic for the genus) and longer petioles. A key to the four Peruvian species of Raputia is...

Rutaceae is a family of angiosperms well known for the economically important genus Citrus. The division into subfamilies still inadequate and provisional. Previous phylogenetic studies at level are characterized by limited sampling genera lack several crucial taxa. Here, we present study based on six nuclear plastid markers including 87.7% currently accepted genera, which more than twice as ma...

Education is an effort to develop individual abilities and character through various processes such as guidance, teaching, training, interaction with the environment. 21st century learning emphasizes critical thinking skills environmental approaches related phrases think globally act locally development of encyclopedias at Kebun Raya Banua. An encyclopedia a type resource that contains descript...

The position of the plant genus Pitavia within an infrafamilial phylogeny of Rutaceae (rue, or orange family) was investigated with the use of two non-coding regions from cpDNA, the trnL-trnF region and the rps16 intron. The only species of the genus, Pitavia punctata Molina, is restricted to the temperate forests of the Coastal Cordillera of Central-Southern Chile and threatened by loss of hab...

Determination of the chromosome base number a taxon is fundamental to understanding karyotypic variation and its implications for evolution that group. This usually requires careful evaluation cytological literature robust phylogenetic support. The family Rutaceae (x = 9 or x 18) has long been subject debate. Here, we analyzed banding pattern, rDNA sites, genome size Dictyoloma vandellianum, su...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The Spathelia-Ptaeroxylon clade is a group of morphologically diverse plants that have been classified together as a result of molecular phylogenetic studies. The clade is currently included in Rutaceae and recognized at a subfamilial level (Spathelioideae) despite the fact that most of its genera have traditionally been associated with other families and that there are no o...