Inorganic lead has been measured in high concentrations in certain streams in Brazil. This study has evaluated the osmoregulatory effects of lead on the native freshwater red crab Dilocarcinus pagei. In order to probe its osmoregulatory and tissue volume regulatory capabilities and how it would be affected by lead, the crab has been submitted to individual and combined salt and chemical stresse...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chondrocytes exist within cartilage and serve to maintain the extracellular matrix. It has been postulated that osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocytes lose the ability to regulate their volume, affecting extracellular matrix production. In previous studies, we identified expression of epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) in human chondrocytes, but their function remained unknown. ...

BACKGROUND The colon epithelium is physiologically exposed to osmotic stress, and the activation of cell volume regulation mechanisms is essential in colonocyte physiology. Moreover, colon is characterized by a high apoptotic rate of mature cells balancing the high division rate of stem cells. AIM The aim of the present work was to investigate the main cell volume regulation mechanisms in rat...

The ciliary epithelium of the eye secretes the aqueous humor. It is a double epithelium arranged so that the apical surfaces of the nonpigmented ciliary epithelial (NPCE) and pigmented ciliary epithelial (PCE) cells face each other and the basolateral membranes face the inside of the eye and the blood, respectively. We have investigated the volume responses of both single cells and coupled pair...

BACKGROUND There are no reports of the pressure changes across the foot after extraarticular subtalar arthrodesis for a planovalgus foot deformity in cerebral palsy. This paper reviews our results of extraarticular subtalar arthrodesis using a cannulated screw and cancellous bone graft. METHODS Fifty planovalgus feet in 30 patients with spastic diplegia were included. The mean age at the time...

• Surface Canopy Water (SCW) affects radar backscatter, cross ratio and RVI. SCW the relations between L-band observables crop biophysical variables. has a confounding influence on VOD estimation. Overpass time daily patterns in affect retrieval of parameters. The presence surface water canopy backscatter. However, its relationship backscatter parameters not been investigated. aim this study wa...

We were interested whether PKCα, δ, ε or ζ is the isoform actually employed in the activation of hypertonicity-induced cation channels (HICCs) in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. Quantitative SDS-page and Western-blot experiments revealed that PKCα, δ and ε were stimulated by Indolactam V (as a DAG substitute for activation of c and nPKCs) but that only PKCδ and ε did respond to hypertonic ...

In response to osmotic perturbation, the Amphiuma red blood cell regulates volume back to "normal" levels. After osmotic swelling, the cells lose K, Cl, and osmotically obliged H2O (regulatory volume decrease [RVD] ). After osmotic shrinkage, cell volume is regulated as a result of Na, Cl, and H2O uptake (regulatory volume increase [RVI] ). As previously shown (Cala, 1980 alpha), ion fluxes res...