The aim of the present work was to investigate the origin and half-life of endogenous S100B protein reported by many investigators as a useful melanoma serum marker. Within cells, S100B protein exists in homo- or heterodimer form containing mainly Ca(++), having a substantial fraction bound to membranes. As such, S100B is believed to be involved in the regulation of cytoskeleton. Also, a role i...

Background: Scientific evidence for increased S100B concentrations in the peripheral blood of acutely ill schizophrenia patients is consistent. In the past, this finding was mainly considered to reflect astroglial or blood-brain barrier dysfunction. Methods: Using Entrez, PubMed was searched for articles published on or before June 15, 2011, including electronic early release publications, in o...

BACKGROUND S100B is an acknowledged marker of brain damage. However, trauma without brain damage also causes an increase in S100B. S100B concentrations are highest in multiple trauma patients with long bone fractures. Clinically, extensive long bone fractures are associated with haemorrhagic shock and haemorrhagic shock per se is associated with increased S100B. The aim of our experimental stud...

The recreational drug 3,4-methylenedioxy-metamphetamine (MDMA; 'ecstasy') enhances serotonin and dopamine transmission. Repeated binge treatment with MDMA (5 mg/kg, 3 times daily, 3 h apart, once per week for 4 wk) was found to increase gene expression of S100B, a neurotrophic factor that modulates neuronal plasticity. Mutant mice overexpressing S100B were investigated to better understand how ...

S100B protein is released by astrocytes into the brain extracellular fluid following acute brain injury and elevated levels in CSF and serum have been shown to correlate with patient outcome following traumatic brain injury. A prospective study of brain extracellular fluid (ECF) and serum S100B levels in 12 patients with severe head injury (GCS ≤ 8) was undertaken using intracerebral microdialy...

OBJECTIVE S100B is produced by glia of the central and peripheral nervous systems and is considered a marker of neurologic injury in the perinatal period. Indeed, increased neonatal urine S100B concentration is associated with adverse neurological outcomes including intraventricular hemorrhage and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, while elevated adult serum concentrations are associated with inf...

The analysis of oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage development has been facilitated by the immunocytochemical characterization of OL-specific antigens and definition of the phenotypes sequentially acquired by differentiating OLs. The purpose of the present study was to address an enduring discrepancy between several reported cases of S100B immunodetection in CNS myelin and myelinating OLs on the one ...

The advanced glycation end‑product (AGE)‑receptor for AGE (RAGE) axis induces transforming growth factor‑β (TGF‑β) expression, cell hypertrophy and increases extracellular matrices that are indicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). RAGE binds to numerous ligands besides AGE, including S100B. In the present study, the roles of S100B in high glucose‑induced p21WAF1, extracellula...

Background and Objective: The S100B protein has recently been considered as an important marker for predicting severe brain damage; however there has been very little evidence of increasing this marker in cerebral edema due to metabolic disorders such as diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA). This study was designed and performed to evaluate the prognostic role of S100B protein in predicting brain edema ...