Electrical steels are important alloys widely used in electrical instruments. The magnetic properties and low core loss of grain oriented silicon steels are closely related to the sharpness of Goss texture ({110} ).The direction of is the softest direction for magnetism.  In this work, the microstructure and dependence of orientation density along the major texture fibers on the applied cold ro...

The first part is about primary decomposition. After reviewing the basic definitions, we survey the compatibility, independence, and linear growth properties that have been known. Then, we prove the linear growth property of primary decomposition for a new family of modules. In the remaining sections, we study secondary representation, which can be viewed as a dual of primary decomposition. Cor...

Individually identified primary motoneurons of the zebrafish embryo pioneer cell-specific peripheral motor nerves. Later, the growth cones of secondary motoneurons extend along pathways pioneered by primary motor axons. To learn whether primary motor axons are required for pathway navigation by secondary motoneurons, we ablated primary motoneurons and examined subsequent pathfinding by the grow...

The developmental mechanisms regulating cell differentiation and patterning during the secondary growth of woody tissues are poorly understood. Class III HD ZIP transcription factors are evolutionarily ancient and play fundamental roles in various aspects of plant development. Here we investigate the role of a Class III HD ZIP transcription factor, POPCORONA, during secondary growth of woody st...

Aspergillus flavus is a cosmopolitan fungus able to respond to external stimuli and to shift both its trophic behaviour and the production of secondary metabolites, including that of the carcinogen aflatoxin (AF). To better understand the adaptability of this fungus, we examined genetic and phenotypic responses within the fungus when grown under four conditions that mimic different ecological n...

Here, the growth-differentiation balance hypothesis (GDBH) was tested by quantifying temporal variation in the relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), and phenylpropanoid concentrations of two willow species (Salix sericea and Salix eriocephala) across five fertility levels. Initially, RGR increased and total phenylpropanoids declined (although every individual phenolic did not...

An oxygen electrode inserted into a dead Munducu sex~u larva infected with Heterorhabditis nematodes carrying the bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens showed barely detectable levels of oxygen in a 1 to 2 mm zone below the cuticle, and virtual anaerobiosis deeper in the carcass. This observation indicates that the bacteria in this habitat, where they are actively growing, are probably carrying ou...